Which of the following disease is caused by dog bite?

Appeared in: BHU NO - 2015

Explanation

Rabies is a viral infection of the central nervous system.
It is a zoonotic disease, meaning it is transmitted from animals to humans.
The primary mode of transmission is through the saliva of an infected animal, typically via a bite or scratch.
Dogs are the most common source of human rabies infections worldwide, responsible for up to 99% of all transmissions to humans.
Once symptoms develop, the disease is almost invariably fatal, making immediate post-bite treatment crucial.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

Option A: Influenza is a viral respiratory infection transmitted between humans through airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing, not by animal bites.
Option B: Yellow fever is a viral hemorrhagic disease transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes, specifically the Aedes and Haemagogus species.
Option C: Herpes is caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and is transmitted through direct person-to-person contact with sores or the bodily fluids of an infected individual.

Related Visual

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Zoonotic diseases and their mode of transmission helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Rabies is a medical emergency. Any patient presenting with an animal bite, especially from a stray or wild animal, must be assessed for rabies risk immediately.
Nurses play a critical role in patient education regarding wound care and the absolute necessity of completing the full course of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to prevent this fatal disease.
What if the bite is from a stray dog that cannot be found for the 10-day observation period? In this scenario, the animal must be presumed rabid, and PEP should be initiated immediately without delay.

How to Approach the Question

First, read the question carefully and identify the core concept: a disease caused by a 'dog bite'.
Analyze the options provided: Influenza, Yellow fever, Herpes, and Rabies.
Recall the transmission routes for each disease.
Influenza is airborne. Yellow fever is mosquito-borne. Herpes is transmitted by direct contact.
Rabies is famously transmitted by the bite of an infected mammal, most commonly a dog.
Conclude that Rabies is the only option that fits the transmission route described in the question.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Zoonotic diseases and their mode of transmission
Stem keywords: disease, dog bite
Lead-in keywords: Which
Negative lead-in flag: false

Question ID

Qw0b87ALgKmruVw2BMbVgt

Reference Book

E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 2029-2031

E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart B (pp 202-403 of 604) p. 138-140

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