Which of the following "device/instrument" is used in Cervical spinal cord injuries?

GMCH - 2015

Medical Surgical Nursing

Easy

Appeared in: GMCH - 2015

Explanation

A Halo vest is the correct device for immobilizing the cervical spine after a significant injury.
It consists of a metal ring fixed to the skull with pins, which is then attached to a vest, providing rigid stabilization of the head and neck.
This allows for the healing of unstable cervical fractures while permitting the patient to be ambulatory.
Its primary purpose is to prevent any movement of the cervical vertebrae, protecting the spinal cord from further damage.

Option A: The Milwaukee brace is a less rigid orthosis designed to correct spinal curvatures over a long period.
Option B: The Ilizarov device is an external fixator used exclusively for the bones of the limbs (arms and legs).
Option D: Buck's extension traction is a form of skin traction applied to the lower leg, not the cervical spine.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Orthotic and Traction Devices for Spinal Immobilization as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nursing care for a patient with a Halo vest is critical to prevent complications. Key responsibilities include meticulous pin site care to prevent life-threatening infections like osteomyelitis and meningitis.
Patient safety is paramount. A wrench must be kept with the patient at all times for emergency chest access during a cardiac arrest. Nurses must also educate the patient on managing balance changes to prevent falls.
What if? If a patient with a high-level cervical injury in a Halo vest suddenly develops a severe pounding headache, profuse sweating above the injury level, and hypertension, the nurse must act immediately. This indicates Autonomic Dysreflexia, a medical emergency. The first action is to place the patient in a sitting position to lower blood pressure, then rapidly identify and remove the noxious stimulus (commonly a distended bladder).

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key phrase in the question: 'Cervical spinal cord injuries'. This specifies the anatomical location (neck) and the type of injury.
Next, evaluate each option to determine its primary use and the body part it is designed for.
Consider the Milwaukee brace. Recall that it is used for correcting spinal curvatures like scoliosis, primarily in the thoracic and lumbar regions.
Consider the Ilizarov device. Recall that this is an external fixator for limb bones, used in procedures like bone lengthening.
Consider Buck's extension traction. Recall that this is a type of skin traction for the lower leg, often used for hip fractures.
Finally, consider the Halo vest. Recall or recognize that this device, with its ring fixed to the skull and attached to a vest, is specifically designed for rigid immobilization of the cervical spine.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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