When was the National Health Mission (NHM) launched?

Appeared in: MP CHO -2019 (Shift-1)

Explanation

The National Health Mission (NHM) was launched by the Government of India in 2013.
NHM is an umbrella program that subsumed and integrated two major health initiatives to cover both rural and urban populations.
The two sub-missions under NHM are the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), which started in 2005, and the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM), which started in 2013.
The primary goal of NHM is to provide universal access to equitable, affordable, and quality healthcare services.

Option B: This is the year the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was launched. NRHM is a significant component, but the overarching National Health Mission (NHM) that combined both rural and urban missions was established later.
Option C: This is an incorrect year and does not correspond to the launch of NHM or its major sub-missions (NRHM, NUHM).
Option D: This is an incorrect year. While the initial phase of NRHM was from 2005-2012, the comprehensive NHM was officially launched the following year.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Launch Date of National Health Mission (NHM) as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding the structure of NHM is crucial for community health nurses as it defines the framework for health service delivery in both rural (NRHM) and urban (NUHM) areas.
NHM programs, like Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and the deployment of ASHA workers, directly impact maternal and child health outcomes, which are key responsibilities for nurses in the community.
What if? If a nurse is working in a designated slum area, their work would fall under the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) component of NHM, focusing on health challenges specific to urban poor populations, whereas a nurse in a village would work under NRHM.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the specific health program mentioned in the question: 'National Health Mission (NHM)'.
Recall the launch year of this specific program, which is a key fact in community health nursing.
Be careful to distinguish the overarching NHM from its sub-missions. The question asks about the main mission, not just one of its components.
Evaluate the options. Note that 2005 is a common distractor because it's the launch year for the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), a major part of NHM.
Select the year that corresponds to the launch of the comprehensive National Health Mission, which integrated both rural and urban health services.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 2 — Subpart A (pp 1-232 of 464) p. 54-56

E6 Comprehensive Textbook of Community Health NursingShyamala D part 1 (pp 26-389 of 389) p. 104-106

Practise the full MP CHO -2019 (Shift-1)

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.