What is the function of blood platelets?

Appeared in: DHS 2018 shift 1st

Explanation

The primary function of blood platelets (thrombocytes) is to initiate blood clotting, a process known as hemostasis.
When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets adhere to the injury site, forming a temporary plug.
They then release chemical factors that activate the coagulation cascade, leading to the formation of a stable fibrin clot.
This process prevents excessive blood loss from the body.

Option A: Carrying hemoglobin is the primary function of red blood cells (erythrocytes), which are responsible for oxygen transport.
Option C: Ingesting bacteria (phagocytosis) is a key role of specific white blood cells (leukocytes), like neutrophils and macrophages, as part of the immune response.
Option D: The transport of carbon dioxide is mainly handled by red blood cells (bound to hemoglobin) and by being converted to bicarbonate ions in the blood plasma.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Functions of blood components, specifically platelets (thrombocytes) helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
A low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) increases the risk of bleeding, and a nurse must monitor for signs like petechiae, ecchymosis, and bleeding from gums or nose.
A high platelet count (thrombocytosis) increases the risk of forming unwanted blood clots (thrombosis), which can lead to stroke or heart attack.
Nursing interventions for patients with low platelets include implementing bleeding precautions, such as using a soft toothbrush, avoiding IM injections, and applying pressure to venipuncture sites.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key term in the question: 'blood platelets'.
This is a factual recall question, so access your knowledge about the different components of blood and their primary roles.
Evaluate each option systematically:
Option A: 'Carry haemoglobin' is the function of red blood cells.
Option B: 'Aid in coagulation' is the well-known function of platelets.
Option C: 'Ingest bacteria' is the function of phagocytic white blood cells.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Functions of blood components, specifically platelets (thrombocytes).
Stem keywords: function, blood platelets
Lead-in keywords: What is

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E6 Physiology Essentials Sembulingam 10e Part 1 p. 132-134

E6 Nursing Brunner Adult Health 3SA Vol 1 Part 3 p. 115-117

E6 Anatomy Applied Ashalatha 4e p. 155-157

Practise the full DHS 2018 shift 1st

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.