Total dose required of IPV vaccine?

Appeared in: JIPMER Pondicherry NO - 2022

Explanation

According to the updated National Immunization Schedule (NIS) of India, effective January 2023, the total number of required doses for Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) is three.
These are administered as fractional doses (f-IPV) intradermally.
The schedule specifies the three doses to be given at 6 weeks, 14 weeks, and a third dose at 9-12 months of age.

Option A: This was the correct schedule under the NIS prior to the update in January 2023. It is now considered an incomplete primary schedule.
Option C: The NIS fractional dose schedule does not consist of 4 doses. This number is more typical of full-dose intramuscular schedules recommended by other bodies, which often include primary and booster doses.
Option D: A single dose of IPV is insufficient to generate a robust and long-lasting immune response against all three poliovirus serotypes.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing IPV Vaccination Schedule under India's National Immunization Schedule (NIS) helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
It is critical for community health nurses to stay updated with the latest changes in the National Immunization Schedule to provide accurate vaccinations, maintain correct records, and offer proper guidance to parents.
The addition of the third dose of f-IPV at 9-12 months aims to boost population immunity against poliovirus, a key step in the global polio endgame strategy.
What if? If a child is following the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) schedule instead of the NIS? The child would typically receive three primary intramuscular (full 0.5 mL) doses of IPV at 6, 10, and 14 weeks, followed by boosters, which is a different regimen from the NIS's fractional intradermal doses.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key components of the question: 'Total dose' and 'IPV vaccine'.
Recognize that for nursing examinations in India, questions about vaccination usually refer to the National Immunization Schedule (NIS) unless stated otherwise.
Recall the current NIS guidelines for IPV. Be aware that immunization schedules are subject to change.
Evaluate the given options against the most current schedule. The NIS was updated in January 2023 to include a third dose of fractional IPV.
Select the option that matches the current guideline, which is 3 doses.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: IPV Vaccination Schedule under India's National Immunization Schedule (NIS)
Stem keywords: Total dose, IPV vaccine
Lead-in keywords: required

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E6 Ghai Essential Pediatrics(pp 26-904 of 913) pp. 195-197, 189-191

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