The vaccine to be given at birth are

Appeared in: NHM UP Staff Nurse-2021 Shift-2nd

Explanation

According to India's National Immunization Schedule (NIS), three vaccines are administered at birth.
These are the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, the zero dose of the Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV-0), and the birth dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine (Hep-B).
BCG protects against severe tuberculosis, OPV-0 begins protection against polio, and the Hep-B birth dose is critical for preventing perinatal transmission.
This specific combination is recommended to provide immediate protection against these key infectious diseases.

Option A: This option incorrectly includes DPT (Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus).
Option C: This option incorrectly includes both DPT and MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella).
Option D: This option incorrectly includes both DPT and MMR.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Knowledge of the National Immunization Schedule for newborns in India as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
A nurse's primary responsibility is to ensure all newborns receive their birth-dose vaccines before discharge from the hospital to prevent vaccine-preventable diseases.
Accurate documentation of vaccination is critical. The nurse must record the vaccine name, date, batch number, and site of administration in the infant's health record and immunization card.
Nurses play a key role in educating parents about the importance of the immunization schedule, potential mild side effects (like fever or local soreness), and when to return for the next set of vaccines.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core of the question, which is asking for the specific set of vaccines given 'at birth'.
This is a factual recall question based on the National Immunization Schedule (NIS) of India.
Systematically review each option provided.
Recall or reference the schedule. Remember that DPT and MMR are given later in infancy.
Eliminate any option that includes DPT or MMR.
Option A, C, and D all contain either DPT or MMR, making them incorrect.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Knowledge of the National Immunization Schedule for newborns in India.
Stem keywords: vaccine, at birth
Lead-in keywords: are
Negative lead-in flag: false

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E6 Comprehensive Textbook of Community Health NursingShyamala D part 1 (pp 26-389 of 389) p. 37-39

E6 Ghai Essential Pediatrics(pp 26-904 of 913) p. 189-191

Practise the full NHM UP Staff Nurse-2021 Shift-2nd

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.