The process in which a nasogastric tube is inserted, the stomach is flushed and ingested substances are removed through the tube is called?

Appeared in: JODHPUR AIIMS SNO-2018

Explanation

Gastric lavage is the medical term for the process of flushing out (irrigating) the stomach to remove its contents.
The procedure involves inserting a large-bore tube (e.g., Salem sump, Levin) through the nasopharynx or oropharynx into the stomach.
It is primarily used in emergency situations, such as after the ingestion of a poison or a drug overdose, to remove the substance before it is absorbed into the bloodstream.
It is also referred to as 'stomach pumping'.

Option A: Colonic irrigation involves flushing the colon (large intestine), not the stomach. The procedure described in the question specifically targets the stomach.
Option C: Decompensation is a physiological state, not a medical procedure. It refers to the failure of an organ system (like the heart or liver) to maintain its function.
Option D: Gastric gavage is the opposite of gastric lavage. Gavage involves administering substances (like liquid nutrition or medication) into the stomach through a tube, also known as tube feeding.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Gastrointestinal Procedures helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Distinguishing between lavage and gavage is critical for patient safety. Lavage is for removal, while gavage is for administration. Confusing the two can have fatal consequences.
Nurses are responsible for preparing the equipment, assisting with tube insertion, monitoring the patient's vital signs and level of consciousness throughout the procedure, and documenting the amount and character of the returned fluid.
Gastric lavage is a high-risk procedure with potential complications like aspiration pneumonia, esophageal or gastric perforation, and electrolyte imbalances. It is contraindicated for corrosive substance ingestion.

How to Approach the Question

First, break down the question's keywords: 'nasogastric tube', 'stomach', 'flushed', and 'removed'. This points to a procedure involving washing out the stomach.
Analyze the options based on medical terminology. 'Gastric' refers to the stomach.
Differentiate between 'lavage' and 'gavage'. 'Lavage' means to wash or irrigate. 'Gavage' means to feed.
The keyword 'removed' aligns with 'lavage' (washing out), while 'gavage' would align with 'instilled' or 'administered' (feeding).
Eliminate 'Colonic irrigation' as it pertains to the colon, not the stomach.
Eliminate 'Decompensation' as it is a state of organ failure, not a procedure.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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