मालिक सेवक को वेतन देता है। (The master gives salary to the servant.) What is the case in the sentence?

Appeared in: DSSSB 14 August 2024

Explanation

The Dative case (संप्रदान कारक) is used when an action is performed for someone or something is given to someone.
The case markers for the Dative case are 'को' and 'के लिए'.
In the sentence, the salary is being given 'to the servant' (सेवक को), making the servant the recipient of the action, which is the primary function of the Dative case.

Option A: The Locative case (अधिकरण कारक) indicates the location or time of an action, not the recipient.
Option C: The Ablative case (अपादान कारक) indicates separation, which is not happening in this sentence.
Option D: The Vocative case (संबोधन कारक) is used for addressing someone directly, not for making a statement about them.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Hindi Grammar: Cases (Karak) as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
This question tests foundational knowledge of Hindi grammar, which is a component of the general aptitude section in some nursing examinations.
Strong language skills are essential for clear communication with patients, colleagues, and for accurate documentation, which is a critical aspect of nursing practice.
What if the sentence was 'मालिक ने सेवक को पीटा' (The master beat the servant)? Here, 'सेवक को' would be the Accusative case (कर्म कारक) because the servant is the direct object of the action 'beat', not a recipient in the dative sense of receiving something for their benefit.

How to Approach the Question

First, read the sentence carefully: 'मालिक सेवक को वेतन देता है।'
Identify the key action (verb), which is 'देता है' (gives).
Look for the case marker (विभक्ति) associated with the nouns. Here, the word 'सेवक' (servant) is followed by 'को'.
Analyze the function of 'को'. The action of 'giving' is being done for or to the servant. The servant is the recipient.
Recall the rules for Hindi cases (कारक). The case used for a recipient of an action is the Dative case (संप्रदान कारक).
Compare this with other cases to confirm. It's not about location (Locative), separation (Ablative), or addressing someone (Vocative). Therefore, Dative case is the correct answer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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Practise the full DSSSB 14 August 2024

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.