AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018: The following denote instrument is used for collection of?& x20;

AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018

Applied Microbiology & Infection control

Easy

Appeared in: AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018

Explanation

The image displays a standard kit for a Pap smear, which is used to collect cervical cells for cancer screening.
The wooden Ayre's spatula is specifically shaped to scrape cells from the ectocervix (outer part of the cervix).
The cytobrush (endocervical brush) is designed to be inserted into the cervical canal to obtain cells from the endocervix.
The combination of these two tools ensures a comprehensive sample from the transformation zone, where cervical abnormalities most often arise.
The vial contains a liquid medium (liquid-based cytology) to preserve the collected cells for analysis.

Option B: Sputum is respiratory secretion from the lungs. It is collected by having the patient cough into a sterile cup, not by using a spatula or cervical brush.
Option C: A stool specimen is collected in a clean, dry container. While a spatula might be used to transfer the sample, it is a different type than the Ayre's spatula shown.
Option D: A wound specimen is typically collected using a sterile swab to collect pus or exudate from a wound site. The instruments shown are not suitable for this purpose.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification of equipment for gynecological specimen collection (Pap smear) as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses play a crucial role in educating patients about the Pap smear, including pre-procedure instructions like avoiding douching, which can wash away abnormal cells and affect results.
Properly positioning the patient in the lithotomy position is essential for the provider to visualize the cervix and obtain an adequate sample, a task often assisted by the nurse.
Providing post-procedure reassurance and information, such as the possibility of light spotting, helps manage patient anxiety and ensures they know when to seek further care.

How to Approach the Question

First, carefully examine the image and identify each instrument in the tray.
Recognize the specific shapes of the tools: a flat wooden spatula (Ayre's spatula) and a brush with a long handle (cytobrush/endocervical brush).
Recall or deduce the clinical purpose of these instruments. Their design is specific to accessing the cervix through a speculum.
Connect these instruments to the procedure they are used for, which is the Papanicolaou (Pap) test.
Conclude that the purpose of a Pap test is to collect a sample of cells from the cervix.
Select the option that correctly identifies the specimen type as 'Cervical specimen'.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Identification of equipment for gynecological specimen collection (Pap smear).
Stem keywords: instrument, collection
Lead-in keywords: used for
Clinical cues: Image of Ayre's spatula, cytobrush, and collection vial in a tray.

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E6 Gynecology Williams p. 213-259

E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 3 p. 112-114