Haryana CHO - 2022
Applied Psychology
Easy
The classical conditioning theory, which is applied in behavior therapy, was proposed by whom?.
Appeared in: Haryana CHO - 2022
Explanation
- Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, developed the theory of classical conditioning in the early 20th century.
- His experiments with dogs showed that a neutral stimulus (like a bell) could be paired with an unconditioned stimulus (food) to elicit a conditioned response (salivation).
- This principle of learning through association is a foundational concept in behaviorism and is widely applied in behavior therapy.
- Techniques like systematic desensitization and aversion therapy are direct applications of classical conditioning principles to treat anxiety disorders and addictions.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: Abraham Maslow was a humanistic psychologist, not a behaviorist. His work focused on motivation and personal growth.
- Option C: Sigmund Freud is the founder of psychoanalysis, which focuses on the unconscious mind, a very different approach from behaviorism's focus on observable behaviors.
- Option D: Maxwell Jones was a British psychiatrist known for his pioneering work in developing the 'Therapeutic Community' model after World War II.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Knowing Theories of Psychology and Behavior Therapy helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
- Understanding classical conditioning helps nurses recognize how patients may develop anxieties or phobias related to medical environments (e.g., fear of needles after a painful injection).
- Nurses can apply these principles in patient education, for example, by associating a pleasant activity with a necessary but uncomfortable procedure to reduce anticipatory anxiety.
- This knowledge is crucial for supporting patients undergoing behavior therapies like aversion therapy (for substance abuse) or systematic desensitization (for phobias).
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the key terms in the question: 'classical conditioning theory' and 'behavior therapy'.
- This is a factual recall question that requires knowledge of major psychological theorists.
- Mentally review the main contributions of each theorist listed in the options.
- Associate Ivan Pavlov with his famous dog experiments and the concept of learning through association.
- Differentiate this from Maslow (Hierarchy of Needs), Freud (Psychoanalysis), and Jones (Therapeutic Community).
- Select the theorist whose work directly corresponds to the theory mentioned in the question.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Theories of Psychology and Behavior Therapy
- Stem keywords: classical conditioning theory, behavior therapy
- Lead-in keywords: proposed by whom
Question ID
Qo2n82iZyimf0Aq72hc8Bw
Reference Book
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 2459-2461
E6 Psychology Applied Sreevani 5e p. 149-151
E6 Psychology Applied Sreevani 6e Sem1 p. 150-152
Practise the full Haryana CHO - 2022
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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