The angle of insertion for intradermal injection is

Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2022

Explanation

The correct angle for an intradermal (ID) injection is 5 to 15 degrees, with the needle bevel facing up.
This shallow angle ensures the medication is deposited into the dermis, the layer of skin just below the epidermis.
This technique is primarily used for diagnostic purposes, such as tuberculin (TB) screening and allergy tests, where slow absorption is required.
Successful intradermal injection results in the formation of a small bleb or wheal, resembling a mosquito bite, which indicates the medication is in the correct layer.

Option A: A 45-degree angle is incorrect for an intradermal injection. This angle targets the deeper subcutaneous tissue.
Option C: A 90-degree angle is incorrect as it would deliver the medication deep into the subcutaneous tissue or muscle, bypassing the dermis.
Option D: An angle of 105 degrees is incorrect and is not a standard angle used for any type of medical injection. It is an obtuse angle that would be anatomically improper for medication delivery.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Parenteral Medication Administration Techniques as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Using the correct injection angle is a critical nursing skill that directly impacts medication efficacy and patient safety.
Administering an intradermal test, like a PPD for tuberculosis, at the wrong angle (e.g., 45 or 90 degrees) would deliver the substance into the subcutaneous tissue, leading to rapid absorption and a potential false-negative result.
Proper technique ensures the medication acts locally within the dermis as intended, which is crucial for the diagnostic accuracy of skin tests.

How to Approach the Question

This is a factual recall question that tests your knowledge of fundamental nursing procedures.
First, identify the key terms in the question: 'intradermal injection' and 'angle of insertion'.
Mentally review the different parenteral injection routes and their corresponding angles.
Recall that intradermal (ID) injections are the most superficial, requiring a very shallow angle to enter the dermis.
Recall that subcutaneous (SQ) injections go deeper, using a 45° or 90° angle.
Recall that intramuscular (IM) injections are the deepest, requiring a 90° angle.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Pharmacology Nursing Lilley 11e Part 1 p. 132-134

E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 3 p. 173-175

Practise the full RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2022

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.