That boy is beautiful. In this sentence, the word 'sundar' (सुंदर) is.

Appeared in: UPPSC-2021

Explanation

In the given sentence, the adjective 'sundar' (beautiful) is placed after the noun 'ladka' (boy) that it describes.
In Hindi grammar, when an adjective follows the noun and is part of the predicate (the part of the sentence containing the verb), it is known as a Vidheya Visheshan (Predicative Adjective).
The sentence structure 'Noun + Adjective + Verb' (लड़का सुंदर है) is the defining pattern for a Vidheya Visheshan.

Option A: This is not a standard grammatical category. 'Visheshya' is the term for the noun that an adjective ('Visheshan') describes. The term essentially combines the noun and the adjective into one, which is incorrect.
Option C: A 'Pradivisheshan' is a word that modifies an adjective, similar to an adverb in English (e.g., 'very', 'extremely'). The word 'sundar' is an adjective itself, not a word modifying another adjective.
Option D: An 'Uddeshya Visheshan' (Attributive Adjective) is an adjective that is placed before the noun it modifies. In the given sentence, 'sundar' comes after the noun 'ladka'.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Classification of adjectives (Visheshan) in Hindi grammar based on their position in a sentence as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
This question tests foundational knowledge of Hindi grammar, which is essential for clear and accurate communication.
Understanding the different types of adjectives and their placement helps in constructing grammatically correct sentences and interpreting texts accurately.
What if the sentence was 'The beautiful boy smiled'? In Hindi, this would be 'सुंदर लड़के ने मुस्कुराया'. Here, 'सुंदर' comes before 'लड़के', making it an Uddeshya Visheshan.

How to Approach the Question

First, read the sentence and identify the adjective and the noun it describes. Here, the adjective is 'sundar' (beautiful) and the noun is 'boy' (लड़का).
Next, observe the position of the adjective in relation to the noun.
In the sentence 'वह लड़का सुंदर है', the adjective 'सुंदर' appears after the noun 'लड़का'.
Recall the two main positional classifications of adjectives in Hindi: 'Uddeshya' (before the noun) and 'Vidheya' (after the noun, in the predicate).
Since 'सुंदर' is placed after the noun, it fits the definition of a 'Vidheya Visheshan'.
Evaluate the other options to confirm your choice. 'Pradivisheshan' modifies an adjective, and 'Uddeshya Visheshan' precedes the noun, so they are incorrect.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Classification of adjectives (Visheshan) in Hindi grammar based on their position in a sentence.
Stem keywords: That boy is beautiful, sundar, सुंदर, Hindi grammar
Lead-in keywords: is
Negative lead-in flag: false

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