DSSSB October 2024
Medical Surgical Nursing
Easy
Roux-en-Y bypass surgery is a type of:
Appeared in: DSSSB October 2024
Explanation
- Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is a primary type of bariatric surgery, which is performed for significant weight loss in individuals with severe obesity.
- The procedure works through two mechanisms: restriction, by creating a small stomach pouch to limit food intake, and malabsorption, by rerouting the small intestine to bypass the duodenum, which reduces calorie and nutrient absorption.
- It is one of the most common weight-loss surgeries, along with sleeve gastrectomy, and is effective in resolving comorbidities like type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: This is a gastrointestinal procedure, but its purpose is to create an opening (stoma) for feces to exit the body, bypassing a diseased or damaged colon. It is not a weight-loss surgery.
- Option C: This procedure reroutes the flow of urine and is unrelated to the digestive system or weight management. It involves the urinary tract, not the gastrointestinal tract.
- Option D: This is a neurosurgical procedure to treat hydrocephalus (excess fluid in the brain). It involves placing a shunt to drain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the abdominal cavity and has no connection to digestion or weight loss.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Classification of Surgical Procedures as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Nurses must monitor post-bariatric surgery patients for 'dumping syndrome,' characterized by nausea, sweating, and weakness after eating, especially high-sugar foods.
- Lifelong nutritional monitoring is critical, as bypassing the duodenum impairs the absorption of essential nutrients like iron, calcium, and vitamin B12, requiring lifelong supplementation to prevent deficiencies.
- What if? If a patient post-RYGB presents with severe, sudden upper abdominal pain, tachycardia, and fever, the nurse should suspect an anastomotic leak, which is a surgical emergency requiring immediate escalation and intervention.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the core term in the question: 'Roux-en-Y bypass surgery'.
- Recall or deduce the primary purpose of this surgery. The name 'bypass' suggests rerouting, and it's a well-known procedure in the context of obesity.
- Evaluate the options. 'Bariatric surgery' is the specific medical term for weight-loss surgery.
- Analyze the other options to confirm they are incorrect. 'Colostomy' relates to bowel elimination, 'urinary diversion' to the urinary system, and 'ventriculoperitoneal shunting' to the brain.
- Conclude that Roux-en-Y is a specific technique within the broader category of bariatric surgery.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Classification of Surgical Procedures
- Stem keywords: Roux-en-Y bypass surgery
- Lead-in keywords: is a type of
Question ID
QsbMrCig2cqR1hUk1Xw_9z
Reference Book
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 7420-7422
E6 Obstetrics Williams p. 24-42
E6 Gynecology Williams p. 306-375
Practise the full DSSSB October 2024
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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