Individual with \ \ \ \ \ \ blood group is associated with a higher risk of developing gastric carcinoma. - RRB Nsg. Superintendent -29 April-2025 (shift-2nd)

RRB Nsg. Superintendent -29 April-2025 (shift-2nd)

Medical & Surgical Nursing

Easy

Appeared in: RRB Nsg. Superintendent -29 April-2025 (shift-2nd)

Explanation

Individuals with blood group A have a statistically significant higher risk of developing gastric carcinoma (stomach cancer).
This association has been consistently observed in numerous epidemiological studies over several decades.
The underlying mechanism is thought to be related to differences in the host's inflammatory response or the interaction of blood group antigens on gastric cells with carcinogens or pathogens like Helicobacter pylori.

Option A: The association between blood group B and gastric carcinoma is not as strong or consistently reported as it is for blood group A.
Option C: Individuals with blood group AB have both A and B antigens. The risk for gastric cancer is not as clearly defined or as significantly elevated as for type A alone. This blood type is also the least common, making large-scale studies more challenging.
Option D: This is a classic distractor. Blood group O is associated with a lower risk of gastric cancer compared to non-O groups, but a higher risk of developing peptic ulcers, especially duodenal ulcers.

Visual 1: Infographic: A chart comparing the relative risk of Gastric Cancer and Peptic Ulcer Disease across the four ABO blood groups.
Visual 2: Diagram: An illustration of the gastric mucosa showing how H. pylori bacteria might preferentially bind to A antigens on epithelial cells, leading to chronic inflammation and increased cancer risk.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Association between ABO blood groups and susceptibility to specific diseases helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
While blood type is a non-modifiable risk factor, nurses should be aware of this association to enhance patient assessment and education, particularly regarding other modifiable risk factors for gastric cancer (e.g., diet, smoking, H. pylori infection).
For a patient with blood group A, especially with other risk factors, a nurse should emphasize the importance of regular health check-ups and reporting any new gastrointestinal symptoms like persistent indigestion, nausea, or unexplained weight loss.
What if? If a patient has blood group O and presents with gnawing epigastric pain that improves with food, the nurse should have a higher index of suspicion for peptic ulcer disease and should specifically ask about NSAID use and symptoms of GI bleeding (like dark, tarry stools).

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key concepts in the question: 'gastric carcinoma' (stomach cancer) and 'blood group'.
This is a factual recall question that tests your knowledge of established epidemiological associations.
Recall the two most well-known and frequently tested associations in the ABO system: Blood Group A is linked to gastric cancer, and Blood Group O is linked to peptic ulcers.
Carefully read the question to confirm it is asking for the risk of 'gastric carcinoma', not ulcers.
Based on this, select the option corresponding to the blood group linked to stomach cancer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Association between ABO blood groups and susceptibility to specific diseases.
Stem keywords: blood group, gastric carcinoma, higher risk
Lead-in keywords: BEST, MOST RELEVANT CLUE
Negative lead-in flag: false

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