RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2015
Pharmacology
Easy
In myocardial infarction, thrombolytic agents such as tissue plasminogen activators, streptokinase are given to?
Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2015
Explanation
- The primary goal of thrombolytic therapy in myocardial infarction is to dissolve the existing clot (thrombus) in the coronary artery.
- These drugs work by converting plasminogen to plasmin, an enzyme that breaks down the fibrin structure of the clot.
- By dissolving the clot, the therapy aims to restore blood flow (reperfusion) to the heart muscle, thereby limiting infarct size and preserving cardiac function.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: This describes the action of antiplatelet drugs, such as aspirin or clopidogrel, which prevent platelets from aggregating to form a clot.
- Option B: While improving oxygen supply is the ultimate outcome, it is a result of dissolving the thrombus. This option is less precise because it combines the action (dissolve thrombus) with the outcome (improve oxygen supply). Option C states the primary, direct goal.
- Option D: This is the function of antiarrhythmic medications, such as amiodarone or lidocaine. These drugs are used to treat or prevent abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) that can occur after a myocardial infarction.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Pharmacology of Thrombolytic Agents in Myocardial Infarction as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- The principle 'Time is Muscle' is paramount in MI care. The faster a coronary artery is reopened, the more heart muscle is saved. The goal for thrombolysis is a door-to-needle time of 30 minutes or less.
- The most serious complication of thrombolytic therapy is bleeding, especially intracranial hemorrhage. Nurses play a critical role in screening for contraindications and monitoring for any signs of bleeding during and after infusion.
- What if? If a patient presents with an MI but has a high risk of bleeding or presents more than 12 hours after symptom onset, thrombolytic therapy is often contraindicated. In this case, the preferred reperfusion strategy is mechanical, via primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI).
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the drug class in the question: 'thrombolytic agents' like tPA and streptokinase.
- Recall the core function of this class. The name itself gives a clue: 'thrombo' (clot) and 'lytic' (to break down). Their purpose is to dissolve existing clots.
- Evaluate the options based on this function. Option C, 'Re-establishing blood flow by dissolving thrombus,' directly aligns with this mechanism.
- Analyze the other options to confirm they are incorrect. Option A describes antiplatelets. Option D describes antiarrhythmics. Option B is a consequence of the action in Option C, making C the more direct and primary goal.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Pharmacology of Thrombolytic Agents in Myocardial Infarction
- Stem keywords: myocardial infarction, thrombolytic agents, tissue plasminogen activators, streptokinase
- Lead-in keywords: given to
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
Qhx_pLyBPb0qqx4aRJcmy1
Reference Book
E6 Pharmacology Nursing Lilley 11e Part 2 p. 116-118
E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 2 p. 24-26
Practise the full RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2015
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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