ESIC Nursing Officer -2019 (Shift -1)
Child Health Nursing (Pediatrics)
Hard
In a normal average infant, the percentage increase in body length, compared to that at birth, at the age of 1 year is:
Appeared in: ESIC Nursing Officer -2019 (Shift -1)
Explanation
- A healthy, full-term infant's length increases by about 50% during the first year of life.
- The average length at birth is approximately 50 cm.
- By one year of age, the average length increases to about 75 cm.
- The absolute increase in length is 25 cm (75 cm - 50 cm).
- The percentage increase is calculated as (25 cm increase / 50 cm birth length) × 100, which equals 50%.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: A 10% increase in length is far too low for a healthy infant's first year and would indicate severe growth failure or failure to thrive.
- Option B: This is a common error. The infant's approximate length at one year is 75 cm, but this is the absolute measurement, not the percentage increase from birth.
- Option D: A 20% increase in length is significantly below the normal growth curve for the first year and would be a cause for concern, suggesting potential health or nutritional issues.
Related Visual
- Visual 1: WHO Growth Chart for Length-for-Age. This chart would visually demonstrate the steep curve of growth during the first 12 months, helping to contextualize the 50% increase.
- Visual 2: Infographic. An infographic showing a newborn silhouette next to a one-year-old silhouette with labels for 50 cm and 75 cm, and an arrow indicating a '50% Increase'.
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Infant Growth Milestones (Length) as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Monitoring an infant's length is a fundamental nursing responsibility to assess nutritional status and overall health. It is a key component of anthropometric measurements.
- A deviation from the expected growth curve (e.g., a much lower percentage increase) is a red flag for conditions like failure to thrive, malnutrition, or underlying genetic or endocrine disorders, requiring further investigation and intervention.
- What if? If an infant was born prematurely with a length of 45 cm, a 50% increase would mean they should reach approximately 67.5 cm by their first corrected birthday. Nurses must adjust expectations for premature infants based on corrected age.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the key information required: the 'percentage increase' in 'body length' from 'birth' to '1 year'.
- Recall the standard anthropometric values for an average infant. The average birth length is about 50 cm.
- Recall the average length at one year, which is about 75 cm.
- Calculate the absolute increase: 75 cm - 50 cm = 25 cm.
- Calculate the percentage increase: (Absolute Increase / Original Value) × 100. So, (25 / 50) × 100 = 50%.
- Compare your calculated answer (50%) with the given options and select the correct one. Be careful not to confuse the final length (75 cm) with the percentage increase (50%).
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Infant Growth Milestones (Length)
- Stem keywords: infant, body length, 1 year, percentage increase, birth
- Lead-in keywords: is
- Clinical cues: Age/sex group narrows the expected diagnosis, intervention, or normal reference range.
Question ID
QYumrHxyEVvyCNlJ_lMD06
Practise the full ESIC Nursing Officer -2019 (Shift -1)
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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