AIIMS Delhi NO- 2019
Child Health Nursing (Pediatrics)
Medium
Identify the following instrument used in hyperbilirubinemia monitoring based on the image:
Appeared in: AIIMS Delhi NO- 2019
Explanation
- The instrument shown is a phototherapy irradiance meter, specifically a 'neoBLUE LED Phototherapy Radiometer'.
- Its function is to measure the spectral irradiance (light intensity) of the light source used in phototherapy for newborns with jaundice.
- This measurement is crucial to ensure the light dose is within the therapeutic range (typically at least 30 µW/cm²/nm) for effective breakdown of bilirubin.
- Using this meter ensures the treatment is both effective and safe, preventing under-treatment or potential side effects from excessive light.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: A tempometer is an instrument used for measuring temperature. While monitoring a neonate's temperature is essential during phototherapy to prevent hypo/hyperthermia, this device measures light, not heat.
- Option C: 'Conversion meter' is not a standard or recognized term for a medical device used in phototherapy or neonatal care. It is a vague and irrelevant option.
- Option D: This option is incorrect because the first option, 'Phototherapy Irradiance meter', accurately identifies the function of the instrument shown in the image.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification and purpose of medical equipment used in neonatal care, specifically for phototherapy as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Nurses are responsible for ensuring that phototherapy equipment is delivering the prescribed dose of light. This involves periodically using an irradiance meter as part of quality control.
- An incorrect light dosage can have significant consequences. Too low an intensity will result in ineffective treatment, prolonging jaundice and increasing the risk of complications like kernicterus. Too high an intensity can cause skin damage or hyperthermia.
- What if? If the irradiance meter showed a reading below the therapeutic threshold (e.g., 20 µW/cm²/nm), the nurse's first action would be to check the distance between the light and the infant. If adjusting the distance doesn't correct the reading, the nurse must report the equipment as faulty and arrange for a replacement unit to avoid delaying effective treatment.
How to Approach the Question
- First, carefully examine the image provided. Read any text or labels visible on the instrument. The labels 'neoBLUE LED PHOTOTHERAPY' and 'Radiometer' are key clues.
- Connect the visual information to the question's context, which is 'hyperbilirubinemia monitoring'. Phototherapy is the primary treatment for this condition.
- Analyze the function of a 'radiometer' in the context of 'phototherapy'. A radiometer measures radiation, and in this case, it's measuring the light radiation (irradiance) used for therapy.
- Evaluate the given options. 'Phototherapy Irradiance meter' is a functional description that perfectly matches the analysis.
- Systematically eliminate the other options. A 'Tempometer' measures temperature, and 'Conversion meter' is not a relevant medical term, making them incorrect.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Identification and purpose of medical equipment used in neonatal care, specifically for phototherapy.
- Stem keywords: instrument, hyperbilirubinemia monitoring, image
- Lead-in keywords: Identify
- Clinical cues: The image shows a device labeled 'neoBLUE LED PHOTOTHERAPY' and 'Radiometer', which directly points to its use in measuring light for phototherapy.
Question ID
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Reference Book
E6 Ghai Essential Pediatrics(pp 26-904 of 913) p. 172-174
E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 1 p. 1124-1126
Practise the full AIIMS Delhi NO- 2019
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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