Identify the correct option?

Mosquito — Disease

a. Aedes — I. Malaria
b. Culex — II. Dengue
c. Anopheles — III. JE
d. Sand fly — IV. Kala-azar

1. A

   A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

2. B

   A-II, B-I, C-III, D-V

3. C

   A-I, B-III, C-I, D-IV

4. D

   A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

Appeared in: AIIMS CRE SNO - 2023

Explanation

• The correct option correctly pairs each vector with the specific disease it transmits based on established epidemiological facts.
• Aedes mosquitoes are the primary vectors for Dengue fever, a common viral infection.
• Culex mosquitoes are responsible for transmitting the virus that causes Japanese Encephalitis, particularly in rural and agricultural areas.
• Anopheles mosquitoes are famously known for being the exclusive vectors for the Plasmodium parasite, which causes Malaria.
• Sand flies transmit the Leishmania donovani parasite, leading to the disease Kala-azar (Visceral Leishmaniasis).

Why Other Options Were Wrong

• Option A: This option incorrectly pairs Aedes with Malaria (I) and Culex with Dengue (II). Anopheles transmits Malaria, and Aedes transmits Dengue.
• Option B: This option incorrectly pairs Culex with Malaria (I) and contains a non-existent disease code 'V' for the Sand fly. Culex transmits JE, and Anopheles transmits Malaria.
• Option C: This option incorrectly pairs Aedes with Malaria (I). It also incorrectly repeats the match for Malaria (C-I), leaving Dengue and JE mismatched. Aedes transmits Dengue.

Related Visual

• Visual 1: Infographic: A table showing four common vectors (Aedes, Culex, Anopheles, Sand fly), the primary diseases they transmit, and their typical breeding sites.
• Visual 2: Image: Side-by-side comparison of Aedes, Culex, and Anopheles mosquitoes, highlighting their distinct resting postures (Anopheles rests at an angle, while Aedes and Culex rest parallel to the surface).

Clinical Relevance

• Nursing practice connection: Knowing Vector-Borne Disease Transmission helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
• Understanding vector-disease links is crucial for community health nurses to implement targeted health education and environmental sanitation programs for disease prevention.
• Nurses play a key role in identifying early symptoms of vector-borne diseases and advising patients on personal protective measures like using insecticide-treated mosquito nets and repellents.
• What if? If a patient from a rural, agricultural area with many rice paddies presents with fever and neurological symptoms, a nurse should have a high index of suspicion for Japanese Encephalitis due to the prevalence of Culex mosquitoes in such environments.

How to Approach the Question

• This is a 'Match the Following' question, which tests your factual recall.
• First, carefully read the two columns to identify the items to be matched: vectors in one column and diseases in the other.
• Systematically match each vector from the first column with its corresponding disease from the second column based on your knowledge of epidemiology.
• Recall or deduce the pairs: Aedes -> Dengue; Culex -> JE; Anopheles -> Malaria; Sand fly -> Kala-azar.
• Translate these pairs into the letter-numeral format: A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV.
• Finally, scan the given options to find the one that exactly matches the sequence you have formulated.

Concept Tested & Keywords

• Concept Tested: Vector-Borne Disease Transmission
• Stem keywords: Aedes, Culex, Anopheles, Sand fly, Malaria, Dengue, JE, Kala-azar
• Lead-in keywords: Identify the correct option

Question ID

Qbej_6M9n6d8QNnakXRkki

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