Direction: In the following question Two words/numbers, separated by a ':', and bearing a certain relationship with each other, have been given on one side of the one that bears a similar relationship with the word/ number given on the other side of ': :' Lung : Man :: Gill : ?

1. A

   Hen

2. B

   Lion

3. C

   Cow

4. D

   Fish

Appeared in: AIIMS Raipur NO - 2019 (Shift-1)

Explanation

• The question establishes an analogy based on the relationship: Respiratory Organ : Organism.
• The first pair is 'Lung : Man'. Lungs are the respiratory organs for humans (Man).
• Applying this relationship, we need to find the organism for which gills are the respiratory organs.
• Gills are the primary respiratory organs in fish, used to extract oxygen from water.
• Therefore, 'Fish' correctly completes the analogy 'Gill : Fish'.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

• Option A: A hen is a bird. Birds use lungs, supplemented by a system of air sacs, for respiration. They do not have gills.
• Option B: A lion is a mammal. All mammals, including lions, breathe using lungs. They do not have gills.
• Option C: A cow is a mammal. Like all mammals, cows use lungs to breathe air. They do not have gills.

Related Visual

Clinical Relevance

• Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Analogical Reasoning in Biology as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
• Understanding fundamental biological principles, such as comparative anatomy and physiology, is foundational to health sciences. It helps in appreciating the diversity of life and the specific adaptations of different organisms, including humans.
• Knowledge of the human respiratory system is critical in nursing for assessing respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and signs of distress. The search results detail the anatomy of the human lungs, from the trachea to the alveoli, which is essential knowledge for practice (SRC_577, SRC_578).
• What if the first pair was 'Skin : Earthworm'? The relationship would still be 'Respiratory Organ : Organism'. The answer to 'Gill : ?' would remain 'Fish', as the task is to find the organism that matches the organ, regardless of the first pair's specific example.

How to Approach the Question

• First, identify the relationship between the two words in the first pair ('Lung : Man').
• Recognize that a lung is the respiratory organ of a man. The relationship is 'Organ : Organism'.
• Apply this same relationship to the second pair ('Gill : ?').
• Ask yourself: 'A gill is the respiratory organ of what organism?'
• Evaluate the given options: Hen (lungs), Lion (lungs), Cow (lungs), Fish (gills).
• Select the option that correctly fits the established relationship.

Concept Tested & Keywords

• Concept Tested: Analogical Reasoning in Biology
• Stem keywords: Lung, Man, Gill
• Lead-in keywords: ::, ?

Question ID

QeqnvPx9Pdytv4a1Le5QPu

Copy ID

Reference Book

E6 Physiology Guyton 4SAE Part 2A p. 38-39

E6 Nursing Vital Signs p. 62-64