NORCET 5 Prelims - Sept 2023 (Shift-2)
Medical & Surgical Nursing
Easy
Chlamydia in male can cause?
Appeared in: NORCET 5 Prelims - Sept 2023 (Shift-2)
Explanation
- Chlamydia trachomatis is a primary cause of sexually transmitted infections that can lead to significant complications if untreated.
- In males, the infection can ascend from the urethra to the epididymis, the tube responsible for sperm storage and transport.
- This leads to epididymitis, characterized by inflammation, unilateral scrotal pain, swelling, and tenderness.
- According to medical literature, Chlamydia is responsible for an estimated 50-70% of acute epididymitis cases in sexually active men younger than 35.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: An enlarged penis is not a clinical manifestation or complication associated with chlamydial infection.
- Option C: While the testis can become inflamed (orchitis), it typically occurs as a secondary spread from the epididymis (epididymo-orchitis). Epididymitis is the more direct and common initial complication.
- Option D: Balanitis, the inflammation of the glans penis, is not a direct complication of Chlamydia. It is usually caused by poor hygiene or fungal/other bacterial infections.
Related Visual
- Visual 1: Anatomical Diagram - A clear diagram of the male reproductive system, highlighting the urethra, testes, and epididymis to show the path of ascending infection.
- Visual 2: Pathophysiology Flowchart - A flowchart illustrating how an initial chlamydial urethritis can progress to epididymitis if left untreated.
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Complications of Chlamydia Infection in Males as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- A key nursing role is patient education regarding STI prevention, the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics, and abstaining from sexual contact until treatment is complete for both the patient and their partners.
- Partner notification and treatment are critical to prevent reinfection of the patient and curb the spread of the infection in the community.
- What if? If a male patient with Chlamydia presents with high fever and severe, unilateral scrotal pain, the nurse should suspect acute epididymo-orchitis, a more severe complication that may require hospitalization for intravenous antibiotics and pain management.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the core of the question: it asks for a potential complication of a specific disease (Chlamydia) in a specific population (males).
- This is a factual recall question based on knowledge of sexually transmitted infections.
- Review the options provided. Evaluate each option based on your knowledge of the pathophysiology of Chlamydia.
- Option A: Epididymitis. Recall that ascending infection is a common pathway for complications in the male reproductive tract. Chlamydia is a well-known cause of epididymitis.
- Options B, C, D: Consider if these are typical presentations. Enlarged penis is not a known symptom. Enlarged testes (orchitis) can happen but usually with epididymitis. Balanitis has other, more common causes.
- Select the most direct and common complication among the choices, which is epididymitis.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Complications of Chlamydia Infection in Males
- Stem keywords: Chlamydia, male, cause
- Lead-in keywords: BEST, MOST RELEVANT CLUE
- Clinical cues: Age/sex group narrows the expected diagnosis, intervention, or normal reference range.
Question ID
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Practise the full NORCET 5 Prelims - Sept 2023 (Shift-2)
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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