At 6 weeks with DPT - 1, OPV - 1, the 3rd vaccine to be given is? - RUHS, Jaipur, PB B.Sc Nursing Entrance-2021

RUHS, Jaipur, PB B.Sc Nursing Entrance-2021

Child Health Nursing (Pediatrics)

Easy

Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, PB B.Sc Nursing Entrance-2021

Explanation

According to the National Immunization Schedule (NIS) in India, an infant at 6 weeks receives the first doses of several vaccines.
The schedule includes Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV-1) and the Pentavalent vaccine.
The Pentavalent vaccine is a 5-in-1 vaccine that provides protection against Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus (DPT), Hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib).
Therefore, in addition to DPT and OPV, Hepatitis B is the correct third component administered at 6 weeks.

Option A: BCG and OPV-0 are administered at birth or as early as possible, not at the 6-week visit.
Option B: This option is incomplete. While DPT and OPV are given at 6 weeks, it omits the Hepatitis B component, which is also part of the standard schedule for this age.
Option D: TT (Tetanus Toxoid) is not part of the primary immunization schedule for infants. It is given to pregnant women to prevent neonatal tetanus or as a booster dose in older children and adults. 'TT-B' is not a standard vaccine abbreviation.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain National Immunization Schedule for Infants as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses are at the forefront of the immunization program. Accurate knowledge of the schedule is essential for correct administration, health education, and maintaining vaccination records.
Educating parents about the Pentavalent vaccine helps improve compliance, as it reduces the number of injections a child receives.
It is crucial to explain to caregivers that mild side effects like fever or local pain are normal and manageable, and should not deter them from completing the immunization schedule.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key information provided in the question: the infant's age (6 weeks) and the vaccines already mentioned (DPT-1, OPV-1).
The question asks you to identify the third vaccine that is administered concurrently at this age.
Recall the standard National Immunization Schedule (NIS) for infants in India.
At 6 weeks, the schedule includes the first dose of OPV and the first dose of the Pentavalent vaccine.
Remember that the Pentavalent vaccine contains DPT, Hepatitis B, and Hib.
Compare this information with the given options. The option that correctly adds Hepatitis B to DPT and OPV is the right answer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: National Immunization Schedule for Infants
Stem keywords: 6 weeks, DPT - 1, OPV - 1, vaccine
Lead-in keywords: the 3rd vaccine to be given is
Clinical cues: Age of infant is 6 weeks, which is a key milestone for primary vaccination series.

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