An hygienic measure to prevent spread of COVID 19 infection is

NHM UP Staff Nurse-2021 Shift-2nd

Applied Microbiology & Infection control

Easy

Appeared in: NHM UP Staff Nurse-2021 Shift-2nd

Explanation

Hand washing is a primary and essential hygienic measure to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus spreads through respiratory droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces; hands can then transfer the virus to the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, or mouth.
Washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, or using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer, effectively removes or inactivates the virus, breaking the chain of transmission.
This is a cornerstone of infection prevention and control (IPC) measures recommended globally by health authorities.

Option A: Eating well is a general health measure that supports the immune system but is not a direct hygienic practice to prevent the immediate transmission of a virus.
Option B: Brushing teeth is an oral hygiene practice important for dental health but does not prevent the primary modes of respiratory virus transmission (droplets and contaminated hands).
Option D: Adequate sleep is a physiological need that is vital for a healthy immune response, but it is not a hygienic action performed to stop the spread of an infection.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Infection prevention and control measures for COVID-19 helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Hand hygiene is the single most important, simplest, and least expensive practice for nurses to prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and protect both patients and themselves.
Patient education on proper handwashing technique is a key nursing responsibility to empower patients and their families to participate in infection prevention.
What if? If soap and water are not available, the next best action is to use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol content, ensuring all hand surfaces are covered until dry.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the keywords in the question: 'hygienic measure' and 'prevent spread of COVID 19'. This directs you to look for a specific action related to cleanliness and infection control.
Analyze the options to determine which one is a direct, physical action to break the chain of infection.
Differentiate between specific infection control actions (like hand washing) and general health-promoting behaviors (like eating well and sleeping).
Eliminate options that are forms of hygiene but are not relevant to preventing respiratory virus transmission (like brushing teeth).
Select the option that directly interrupts the known transmission routes of COVID-19, which include contact with contaminated surfaces.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Pharmacology Nursing Lilley 11e Part 3 p. 95-97

E6 Microbiology OneStop Sastry p. 135-137