All of the following are vector borne diseases, except?

Appeared in: JODHPUR AIIMS SNO-2018

Explanation

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver, primarily caused by viral infections.
It is not a vector-borne disease.
Hepatitis A and E are transmitted through the fecal-oral route, typically via contaminated food or water (vehicle-borne).
Hepatitis B, C, and D are transmitted through contact with infected blood or other body fluids (blood-borne).

Option A: Plague is a classic vector-borne disease. It is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected fleas, most commonly the rat flea.
Option B: Filariasis (specifically Lymphatic Filariasis or Elephantiasis) is a parasitic disease caused by filarial worms and is transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes, such as those from the Culex, Anopheles, and Aedes genera.
Option D: Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. It is transmitted to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Modes of disease transmission, specifically identifying vector-borne diseases as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding the mode of transmission is a cornerstone of infection prevention and control for nurses. It dictates the type of precautions needed (e.g., standard, contact, airborne, droplet).
For vector-borne diseases like Malaria, nursing interventions include educating patients on mosquito bite prevention (nets, repellents) and community-level vector control.
For Hepatitis, nursing care focuses on standard precautions, safe injection practices, screening of blood products, and patient education about vaccination (for A and B) and safe practices (safe sex, avoiding contaminated food/water).

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the keyword 'except'. This means you are looking for the option that does not belong to the group.
Next, define the term in the question: 'vector-borne disease'. A vector is a living organism that transmits a pathogen (e.g., mosquito, flea, tick).
Evaluate each option against this definition:
Is Plague vector-borne? Yes, transmitted by fleas.
Is Filariasis vector-borne? Yes, transmitted by mosquitoes.
Is Hepatitis vector-borne? No, it's transmitted by contaminated food/water or blood/body fluids.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Modes of disease transmission, specifically identifying vector-borne diseases.
Stem keywords: vector borne diseases, Plague, Filariasis, Hepatitis, Malaria
Lead-in keywords: except
Negative lead-in flag: Question asks for the exception.

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Practise the full JODHPUR AIIMS SNO-2018

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.