IGNOU PB. Bsc. Nsg. Entrance-2025
Medical Surgical Nursing
Medium
All of the following are the advantages of peritoneal dialysis EXCEPT:
Appeared in: IGNOU PB. Bsc. Nsg. Entrance-2025
Explanation
- The question is an 'EXCEPT' type, meaning you must find the statement that is NOT an advantage of Peritoneal Dialysis (PD).
- The statement that PD 'Needs anti-coagulant therapy' is incorrect. Systemic anticoagulation is a requirement for hemodialysis, where blood is circulated outside the body.
- In PD, the blood never leaves the body, so there is no need for systemic anticoagulants to prevent clotting in an external circuit.
- Therefore, this statement is not an advantage; it is a false characteristic of PD, making it the correct answer to the 'EXCEPT' question.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: This is a known advantage. Peritoneal dialysis is generally more cost-effective than in-center hemodialysis because it can be done at home, reducing infrastructure and staffing costs.
- Option B: This is a significant advantage. The slow, continuous nature of fluid and solute removal in PD leads to better hemodynamic stability and is better tolerated by patients, especially those with cardiovascular issues.
- Option C: This is a major advantage. PD avoids the need for creating and maintaining an arteriovenous (AV) fistula or graft, thus bypassing the associated surgical risks, maturation time, and potential complications like thrombosis or infection.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Advantages and Disadvantages of Peritoneal Dialysis as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- A primary nursing responsibility for patients on PD is meticulous aseptic technique during exchanges to prevent peritonitis, a major and serious complication. Patient education on sterile technique is critical for long-term success.
- Nurses must monitor for signs of peritonitis, including cloudy dialysate effluent, abdominal pain, fever, and nausea. Prompt identification and treatment are essential.
- What if? If a patient on PD develops recurrent peritonitis, the peritoneal membrane can become damaged (sclerosis), reducing its effectiveness. This may force the patient to switch modalities to hemodialysis, highlighting the importance of infection prevention.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the keywords in the question stem. Here, they are 'peritoneal dialysis', 'advantages', and the crucial negative lead-in 'EXCEPT'.
- The word 'EXCEPT' signals that three of the options are true advantages of peritoneal dialysis, and one is not.
- Your task is to evaluate each option to determine if it is a true advantage of PD.
- Option A: 'It is inexpensive.' - True, generally cheaper than HD.
- Option B: 'It is well-tolerated.' - True, due to slow, continuous filtration.
- Option C: 'Vascular access is not required.' - True, it uses a peritoneal catheter.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Advantages and Disadvantages of Peritoneal Dialysis
- Stem keywords: peritoneal dialysis, advantages
- Lead-in keywords: EXCEPT
- Negative lead-in flag: The question asks for the EXCEPTION among the given options.
Question ID
QNDUinCrYvnIageL-_wBlK
Reference Book
E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 2 p. 306-308
E6 Ghai Essential Pediatrics(pp 26-904 of 913) p. 515-517
Practise the full IGNOU PB. Bsc. Nsg. Entrance-2025
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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