A pre senile degenerative disease of the brain affecting the frontal lobe is called?

RRB Nsg. Superintendent 21 July 2019 (shift 1st)

Medical & Surgical Nursing

Easy

Appeared in: RRB Nsg. Superintendent 21 July 2019 (shift 1st)

Explanation

Pick's disease is a form of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), a group of disorders caused by progressive nerve cell loss in the brain's frontal or temporal lobes.
The defining characteristic that matches the question is its pre-senile onset (typically before age 65) and its primary impact on the frontal lobes.
This frontal lobe atrophy leads to the hallmark early symptoms: significant changes in personality, social behavior, and language, rather than the memory loss typical of Alzheimer's disease.

Option A: The Oedipus complex is a concept from Freudian psychoanalytic theory related to psychosexual development in children.
Option B: Orgasm is a normal physiological response to sexual stimulation.
Option D: A neologism is a symptom, specifically a speech disturbance where a person creates new words. It is not a disease itself.

Visual 1: Diagram - An illustration comparing a healthy brain with a brain affected by Pick's disease, highlighting the pronounced atrophy (shrinkage) in the frontal and temporal lobes.
Visual 2: Microscopic Image - A slide showing a neuron with a Pick body, the characteristic protein inclusion, to illustrate the cellular pathology.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Neurocognitive Disorders and Dementia helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Nurses must differentiate between types of dementia because management strategies differ. For patients with Pick's disease, managing behavioral symptoms (like disinhibition or apathy) is a primary nursing challenge, unlike the memory-focused care in early Alzheimer's.
Patient safety is a major concern. The impaired judgment from frontal lobe damage can lead to unsafe behaviors. Nurses must create a safe, structured environment and educate families on risk mitigation.
What if? - If the question described a senile (late-onset) disease with initial memory loss and parietal lobe involvement, Alzheimer's disease would be the more likely answer.

How to Approach the Question

First, dissect the question stem to identify the key defining features: 1) 'pre-senile' (early onset), 2) 'degenerative disease of the brain', and 3) affects the 'frontal lobe'.
Next, evaluate each option against these three criteria.
Eliminate 'Oedipus complex' and 'Orgasm' immediately as they are not brain diseases.
Differentiate between the remaining options. 'Neologism' is a symptom, not a disease itself, which leaves only one option.
Confirm that 'Pick's disease' matches all key features. It is a known pre-senile, degenerative disease that characteristically affects the frontal lobes.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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