Study the given figures carefully and answer the question. The following Venn diagram shows information about the number of officers who speak three different languages in army camp XXX.What will be the ratio of the number of officers who speak Bengali and Hindi but not Punjabi to the number of officers who speak Bengali and Punjabi but not Hindi?

1. A

   3:4

2. B

   4:5

3. C

   4:3

4. D

   4:1

Appeared in: ESIC Nursing Officer -2019 (Shift -1)

Explanation

• The number of officers who speak Bengali and Hindi but not Punjabi is found in the intersection of the Bengali and Hindi circles, excluding the area that also intersects with the Punjabi circle. This value is 16.
• The number of officers who speak Bengali and Punjabi but not Hindi is found in the intersection of the Bengali and Punjabi circles, excluding the area that also intersects with the Hindi circle. This value is 12.
• The required ratio is the first value to the second value, which is 16:12.
• Simplifying the ratio 16:12 by dividing both numbers by their greatest common divisor (4) gives the final ratio of 4:3.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

• Option A: This is the inverse of the correct ratio. It incorrectly places the number of officers speaking Bengali and Punjabi (but not Hindi) first in the ratio (12:16).
• Option B: This ratio is incorrect. It does not correspond to the numbers derived from the Venn diagram for the specified conditions (16 and 12).
• Option D: This ratio is incorrect. It might be obtained by mistakenly comparing the number of officers speaking Bengali and Hindi (16) with the number speaking all three languages (4), which gives 16:4 or 4:1.

Related Visual

• Visual 1: Infographic - A guide on how to read a three-circle Venn diagram, highlighting the meaning of each section: 'only A', 'A and B only', and 'A, B, and C'.

Clinical Relevance

• Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Interpreting Venn Diagrams and Calculating Ratios as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
• This question tests logical reasoning and data interpretation skills, which are essential for nurses.
• Nurses must accurately interpret data from various sources, such as patient charts, lab reports, and monitoring equipment, to make sound clinical decisions.
• What if the question asked for the ratio of officers who speak only one language to those who speak all three? The calculation would be (18+24+48) : 4, which is 90:4 or 45:2. This demonstrates the importance of carefully reading the specific criteria in any data analysis task.

How to Approach the Question

• First, carefully read the question to understand exactly which groups you need to compare. Pay close attention to words like 'and', 'but not', and 'only'.
• Identify the first group described in the question by locating the corresponding section in the Venn diagram. In this case, it's 'Bengali and Hindi but not Punjabi'.
• Find the number associated with this section. Here, the number is 16.
• Next, identify the second group: 'Bengali and Punjabi but not Hindi'.
• Find the number for this second section in the diagram. Here, the number is 12.
• Formulate the ratio using the numbers you found: 16:12.

Concept Tested & Keywords

• Concept Tested: Interpreting Venn Diagrams and Calculating Ratios
• Stem keywords: Venn diagram, ratio, Bengali, Hindi, Punjabi
• Lead-in keywords: What will be the ratio

Question ID

Qeb_OcHWuUUmwwUQg_E3PI

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