SJH Nursing Officer - 2019
Community Health Nursing (E5)
Easy
Which one of the following disease is not transmitted mainly by Fecal-Oral route?
Appeared in: SJH Nursing Officer - 2019
Explanation
- Measles is a highly contagious viral illness.
- Its primary mode of transmission is through the respiratory route, via airborne droplets released when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
- Unlike the other options, it is not transmitted through the fecal-oral route (ingestion of contaminated food or water).
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: Enteric fever (typhoid fever) is caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi, which is transmitted through the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person.
- Option C: Cholera is an acute diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is spread primarily through water contaminated with feces.
- Option D: Hepatitis A is a viral liver disease caused by the Hepatitis A virus (HAV). The virus is transmitted primarily through the fecal-oral route when an uninfected person ingests food or water that has been contaminated with the feces of an infected person.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Knowing Modes of Disease Transmission helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
- Understanding a disease's transmission route is fundamental for nurses to implement the correct type of transmission-based precautions (e.g., Contact, Droplet, or Airborne Precautions).
- For fecal-oral diseases (Enteric fever, Cholera, Hepatitis A), nurses must emphasize hand hygiene, safe food/water practices, and may implement Contact Precautions.
- For an airborne disease like measles, nurses must implement strict Airborne Precautions, which include using an N95 respirator and placing the patient in a negative-pressure isolation room.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the negative keyword 'not' in the question stem. This signals that you must find the option that is an exception.
- The core concept is the 'Fecal-Oral route' of disease transmission. Define this in your mind: spread through ingestion of microscopic amounts of feces from an infected person, usually via contaminated hands, food, or water.
- Systematically evaluate each option against this definition.
- Recall or deduce the primary transmission route for Enteric fever (typhoid), Cholera, and Hepatitis A. All are classic examples of fecal-oral transmission.
- Recall the transmission route for Measles. It is a well-known airborne disease, spread by respiratory droplets.
- Conclude that Measles is the one disease in the list that is not primarily transmitted by the fecal-oral route, making it the correct answer.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Modes of Disease Transmission
- Stem keywords: disease, transmitted, Fecal-Oral route
- Lead-in keywords: not
- Negative lead-in flag: Question asks for the exception (NOT transmitted by fecal-oral route).
Question ID
Q9kAY2RxyPy5YL_6hC6NtB
Reference Book
E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart B (pp 202-403 of 604) p. 62-64
E6 Ghai Essential Pediatrics(pp 26-904 of 913) p. 266-268
Practise the full SJH Nursing Officer - 2019
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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