Which of the following sampling methods is also known as chain sampling?

Appeared in: DSSSB 12 August 2024

Explanation

Snowball sampling is a non-probability technique where participants are recruited through referrals from existing participants.
This referral process creates a sequence of recruitment, much like links in a chain, which is why it is also called chain sampling or chain-referral sampling.
It is particularly useful for accessing populations that are hidden, hard-to-reach, or possess sensitive characteristics, as one contact can lead to others within the same group.

Option B: Cluster sampling is a probability sampling method. It involves dividing a population into clusters (like cities or schools) and then randomly selecting entire clusters to study. It does not use a referral system.
Option C: Convenient sampling involves selecting participants who are most easily accessible to the researcher. There is no chain of referrals; selection is based purely on convenience.
Option D: Quota sampling involves creating a sample where subgroups (e.g., by gender or age) are represented in proportions equal to their presence in the overall population. Participants are then selected (often by convenience) to fill these quotas, not through referrals.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Alternative terminology for non-probability sampling methods as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
In nursing research, snowball sampling is vital for studying sensitive topics or vulnerable groups like IV drug users, commercial sex workers, or patients with rare diseases, where a public list of participants is unavailable.
This method allows researchers to gain trust and access within closed communities, which would be otherwise impossible with traditional sampling methods.
What if? If a researcher needed to ensure proportional representation of different age groups in a study on diabetes management, they would use Quota sampling, not Snowball sampling, to meet specific numerical targets for each age bracket.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key term in the question: 'chain sampling'.
Consider the literal meaning of a 'chain'—a series of connected links. In the context of sampling, this implies one person connecting the researcher to the next person.
Evaluate each option based on this 'chain' concept.
Snowball sampling involves participants referring other participants, creating a chain of referrals.
Cluster, convenient, and quota sampling do not use this participant-led referral mechanism for recruitment.
Therefore, 'chain sampling' is another name for 'snowball sampling'.

Concept Tested & Keywords

QLeJRj8FS-2J_938iv7y-4

E6 NursingResearch Suresh Sharma 5e Part 1 pp. 246-248, 247-249

E6 NursingResearch Sukhpal Kaur p. 261-263

Practise the full DSSSB 12 August 2024

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.