Which of the following mechanical device is used to support the patient's back?

Appeared in: RRB Nsg. Superintendent 21 July 2019 (shift 1st)

Explanation

A back rest is a mechanical device, often a frame made of wood or metal, that is placed behind a patient in bed.
Its specific purpose is to provide support to the patient's back, allowing them to sit upright or in a semi-sitting position.
This position is beneficial for patients with respiratory conditions, those recovering from surgery, or for general comfort during activities like eating or reading.

Option A: A bed cradle is a frame used to keep the weight of bed linens off a patient's body, particularly the lower limbs.
Option B: A foot board is placed at the foot of the bed to support the feet and prevent plantar flexion (foot drop).
Option D: A cardiac table is an overbed table that a patient can lean forward on. It supports the anterior chest and arms, not the back.

Visual 1: Image - A patient in bed using a back rest, showing how it supports the back in a Fowler's position.
Visual 2: Diagram - A side-by-side comparison of a bed cradle, foot board, and cardiac table, with labels indicating their specific functions.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Use the key finding related to Patient Comfort and Positioning Devices to guide bedside assessment, documentation, and the next nursing action.
Proper use of positioning devices is a fundamental nursing skill essential for preventing complications of immobility, such as pressure ulcers, contractures, and respiratory issues.
Selecting the correct device for a patient's needs improves their comfort, promotes independence, and aids in their recovery.
What if a patient has both severe respiratory distress and needs back support? A nurse would typically raise the head of the bed (an electric bed functions as a back rest) and also place a cardiac table in front of the patient, allowing them to choose the most comfortable position.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key requirement in the question stem: the device must be used to 'support the patient's back'.
Next, consider each option and recall its primary function.
Evaluate Option A (Bed cradle): Its function is to lift bed linens, not support the back.
Evaluate Option B (Foot board): Its function is to support the feet, not the back.
Evaluate Option C (Back rest): Its name directly implies its function is to support the back.
Evaluate Option D (Cardiac table): Its function is to provide a surface to lean on, supporting the front, not the back.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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Practise the full RRB Nsg. Superintendent 21 July 2019 (shift 1st)

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.