Which of the following is considered a macronutrient

Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2024

Explanation

Carbohydrates are classified as macronutrients because the body requires them in large amounts.
They are the body's main source of fuel (glucose), providing energy for cellular metabolism, brain function, and physical activity.
Along with proteins and fats, carbohydrates are one of the three primary macronutrients that provide calories.
Dietary sources include grains, fruits, vegetables, and sugars.

Option A: Vitamins are organic substances required in very small amounts, which classifies them as micronutrients, not macronutrients.
Option B: Minerals are inorganic elements required in small quantities for various biochemical reactions, classifying them as micronutrients.
Option D: Antioxidants are not a primary nutrient class. They are a group of substances, including many vitamins (like A, C, E) and minerals (like Selenium), that protect cells from damage. Since their components are micronutrients, they are not considered macronutrients.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Classification of nutrients: Macronutrients vs. Micronutrients as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding macronutrient composition is fundamental for patient diet planning, especially in conditions like diabetes mellitus, obesity, malnutrition, and for post-operative recovery.
Nurses educate patients on balancing carbohydrates, proteins, and fats for optimal health, weight management, and disease control.
Assessing a patient's macronutrient intake is a key part of a comprehensive nutritional assessment to identify deficits or excesses that could impact healing and overall health.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key term in the question: 'macronutrient'.
Recall the basic definition of macronutrients: nutrients needed by the body in large amounts that provide energy.
Remember the three main macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Evaluate the given options against this definition.
Vitamins and minerals are needed in small amounts, so they are micronutrients. Eliminate these.
Antioxidants are a functional category, not a primary nutrient class. Eliminate this.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 textbook of Applied Biochemistry and Nutrition & DieteticsHarbans Lal (pp 26-464 of 479) p. 241-243

E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 5 p. 180-182

E6 Nutrition Kumud Khanna 2e p. 387-389

Practise the full RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2024

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.