Which of the following is a permanent method of Contraception?

Appeared in: MP CHO-2020

Explanation

Permanent contraception, or sterilization, aims to permanently prevent pregnancy through surgical means.
Tubal ligation is the permanent method for females, where the fallopian tubes are blocked or cut.
Vasectomy is the permanent method for males, where the vas deferens are blocked or cut.
Since both are permanent methods, the option that includes both is the most complete and correct answer.

Option A: This option is only partially correct. While tubal ligation is a permanent method of contraception, the question asks to identify the permanent method(s) from the list, and another correct option (Vasectomy) is also present. Option D is more comprehensive.
Option B: This option is also only partially correct. Vasectomy is a permanent method, but so is tubal ligation. Option D, which includes both, is the most complete answer.
Option C: Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) is not a method of contraception. Contraception prevents pregnancy, whereas MTP is a procedure to end an existing pregnancy (abortion).

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Permanent Contraceptive Methods (Sterilization) as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Informed consent is a critical nursing responsibility. Nurses must ensure patients fully understand that sterilization is permanent and that reversal is not guaranteed.
Patient education post-vasectomy is crucial. The nurse must emphasize the need for backup contraception for approximately 3 months until a semen analysis confirms the absence of sperm to prevent unintended pregnancy.
What if? If a patient regrets their sterilization, the nurse's role is to provide emotional support and refer them to a specialist to discuss the potential, risks, and success rates of reversal procedures or alternative options like in-vitro fertilization (IVF).

How to Approach the Question

First, understand the question's core concept: 'permanent method of contraception'. This means a method intended to be irreversible.
Evaluate each option against this definition.
Option A, Tubal ligation, is a known permanent method for females. It's a correct statement.
Option B, Vasectomy, is a known permanent method for males. It's also a correct statement.
Option C, MTP, is the termination of a pregnancy, not a method to prevent one. This is incorrect.
Option D states 'both a & b'. Since both A and B are individually correct, this combined option is the most complete and accurate answer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Physiology Essentials Sembulingam 10e Part 2 p. 156-158

E6 Comprehensive Textbook of Community Health Nursing for BSc Nursing Students Part 2 — Subpart B (pp 276-535 of 550) p. 50-52

E6 Gynecology Williams p. 120-149

Practise the full MP CHO-2020

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.