Which of the following conditions in common in 2nd trimester of pregnancy?

Appeared in: IGNOU Post B. SC. Nursing entrance -2021

Explanation

Physiological anaemia is a normal condition in pregnancy caused by hemodilution.
During the second trimester, the plasma volume increases by about 40-50%, while the red blood cell mass increases by only 20-30%.
This disproportionate increase dilutes the red blood cells, leading to a lower hemoglobin and hematocrit reading.
This effect is most pronounced during the second and early third trimesters and is a normal adaptation to meet the circulatory demands of pregnancy.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Physiological changes during the second trimester of pregnancy as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
It is crucial for nurses to differentiate between physiological anemia of pregnancy and pathological anemia (e.g., iron-deficiency anemia). While a slight drop in hemoglobin is normal, a significant drop requires further investigation.
The normal hemoglobin level in the second trimester is typically considered to be 10.5 g/dL or higher. Values below this threshold warrant investigation for iron deficiency or other causes.
Patient education is key. Nurses should explain to expectant mothers that feeling more tired can be related to these normal blood changes, but also to report excessive fatigue, pallor, or shortness of breath.

How to Approach the Question

This is a factual recall question testing knowledge of normal physiological changes during pregnancy.
First, identify the key terms in the question: 'common condition' and '2nd trimester of pregnancy'.
Evaluate each option based on your understanding of maternal physiology.
Recall that blood volume expands significantly during pregnancy. Think about the components of blood (plasma and red cells) and how they change.
Remember that plasma volume increases more than red cell mass, leading to hemodilution. This directly points to physiological anemia.
Consider the other options: Mastitis is a postpartum issue. The hormonal changes of pregnancy (progesterone) lead to respiratory alkalosis, ruling out the other acid-base disorders.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Midwifery Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Sandeep Kaur pp. 26-34, 53-67

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