UPRVUNL - 2021
Microbiology
Easy
Which of the following communicable diseases is also known as 'Rubella'?
Appeared in: UPRVUNL - 2021
Explanation
- Rubella is a contagious viral infection also known by the common name German Measles.
- It is caused by the Rubella virus, which belongs to the togavirus family.
- The disease is often called "3-day measles" because the characteristic rash typically lasts for about three days.
- While usually a mild illness in children, it poses a significant threat to pregnant women, as it can cause severe birth defects known as Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS).
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: Cholera is a bacterial infection caused by Vibrio cholerae. It primarily affects the intestines, leading to severe watery diarrhea and dehydration. It is not related to Rubella.
- Option B: Mumps is a viral infection caused by the mumps virus, a type of paramyxovirus. It is characterized by painful swelling of the parotid (salivary) glands. Although the MMR vaccine protects against Mumps, Measles, and Rubella, they are three distinct diseases.
- Option D: Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It is known for its characteristic itchy rash of fluid-filled blisters (vesicles) that appear in successive crops.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Synonyms of communicable diseases as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- The primary clinical concern with Rubella is its teratogenic effect. Infection during the first trimester of pregnancy can lead to Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS), causing deafness, cataracts, and heart defects in the newborn.
- Nurses must screen pregnant women for Rubella immunity and educate non-immune women of childbearing age about the importance of the MMR vaccine before conception.
- What if? If a pregnant woman with no history of vaccination is exposed to a confirmed case of Rubella, the priority nursing action is to immediately refer her for serological testing (for IgM and IgG antibodies) and medical evaluation. Counseling on the risks to the fetus is critical.
How to Approach the Question
- This is a factual recall question testing knowledge of medical terminology.
- Identify the core term in the question: 'Rubella'.
- The question asks for a synonym ('also known as').
- Scan the options to find the alternative name for Rubella.
- Recall or deduce that 'German Measles' is the common name for Rubella.
- Eliminate other options by recalling their defining characteristics: Cholera is a bacterial gut infection, Mumps affects salivary glands, and Chickenpox causes a vesicular rash.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Synonyms of communicable diseases
- Stem keywords: communicable diseases, Rubella
- Lead-in keywords: also known as
Question ID
QgJeoorAPWKTIbUU8Z4Fl6
Reference Book
E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart A (pp 26-201 of 604) p. 154-156
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 2036-2038
E6 Text Book Of Pediatric Nursing 3rd Panchali Pal — Part 3 (pp 477-702 of 713) p. 66-68
Practise the full UPRVUNL - 2021
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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