Which of the following combinations of deficiency of vitamin and its effects is WRONG?

JSSH Staff Nurse - 2019

Applied Nutrition & Dietetics

Easy

Appeared in: JSSH Staff Nurse - 2019

Explanation

The option pairing Vitamin C with Osteomalacia is incorrect.
Vitamin C deficiency is known to cause Scurvy, a disease characterized by impaired collagen synthesis, leading to symptoms like bleeding gums, poor wound healing, and capillary fragility.
Osteomalacia, which is the softening of bones in adults, is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin D, not Vitamin C. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and bone mineralization.

Option A: This option is a correct statement. Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors, and its deficiency leads to an increased risk of bleeding.
Option B: This option is a correct statement. Vitamin A is crucial for vision, specifically for the formation of rhodopsin, and its deficiency classically presents as night blindness.
Option D: This option is a correct statement. Deficiency of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) leads to the disease Beriberi, which can manifest with neurological or cardiovascular symptoms.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Vitamin Deficiency Diseases as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses must be able to recognize the signs of vitamin deficiencies during patient assessment, as they can indicate underlying malnutrition, malabsorption issues (like in celiac or Crohn's disease), or alcoholism.
Patient education is a key nursing role. This includes teaching about balanced diets rich in essential vitamins to prevent deficiencies, especially in at-risk populations like pregnant women, children, and the elderly.
What if? If a patient on long-term warfarin therapy (a Vitamin K antagonist) starts consuming large amounts of green leafy vegetables (rich in Vitamin K), the nurse must anticipate that the anticoagulant effect of warfarin will be reduced, increasing the risk of clotting. This requires monitoring of INR and potential dose adjustment.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core task of the question. Here, you need to find the 'WRONG' or incorrect pairing from the given options.
Read each option carefully, treating it as a true/false statement.
Evaluate Option A: 'Vitamin K deficiency causes Bleeding.' Recall or deduce that Vitamin K is linked to clotting factors. This is a true statement.
Evaluate Option B: 'Vitamin A deficiency causes Night blindness.' Recall or deduce Vitamin A's role in vision (retina/rhodopsin). This is a true statement.
Evaluate Option C: 'Vitamin C deficiency causes Osteomalacia.' Recall or deduce that Vitamin C is linked to collagen and scurvy, while Osteomalacia (soft bones) is linked to calcium and Vitamin D. This statement is false.
Evaluate Option D: 'Vitamin B1 deficiency causes Beri beri.' This is a classic, direct recall pairing. This is a true statement.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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