PGIMER Chandigarh NO - 2015
Medical Surgical Nursing
Easy
Which of the following are adventitious breath sounds on auscultation?
1. Crackles
2. Rhonchi
3. Wheeze
4. Pleural friction rub?
Appeared in: PGIMER Chandigarh NO - 2015
Explanation
- Adventitious sounds are abnormal sounds heard during chest auscultation, indicating a potential respiratory issue.
- The question lists four common types of adventitious sounds: crackles, rhonchi, wheezes, and pleural friction rub.
- All four listed sounds fall under the category of adventitious breath sounds.
- Crackles are caused by fluid in the small airways or alveoli.
- Rhonchi are caused by obstruction or secretions in larger airways.
- Wheezes are caused by narrowed airways.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: This option is incomplete. While crackles and rhonchi are adventitious sounds, it incorrectly omits wheezes and pleural friction rub, which are also adventitious sounds.
- Option B: This option is incomplete. It correctly identifies rhonchi and wheezes as adventitious but omits crackles and pleural friction rub.
- Option C: This option is incomplete. It correctly identifies rhonchi, wheezes, and pleural friction rub as adventitious sounds but omits crackles.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Identification of Adventitious Breath Sounds as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Accurate identification of adventitious breath sounds is a fundamental nursing skill crucial for assessing respiratory status, identifying acute changes, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.
- For example, hearing new-onset crackles in a post-operative patient could indicate fluid overload or developing pneumonia, requiring prompt notification of the physician and intervention.
- Auscultating wheezes in an asthmatic patient indicates bronchoconstriction, guiding the nurse to administer prescribed bronchodilators and assess the response.
How to Approach the Question
- First, understand the question. It asks you to identify which of the listed sounds are 'adventitious breath sounds'.
- Recall the definition of adventitious sounds: they are abnormal sounds heard on top of normal breathing.
- Evaluate each of the four numbered items individually: 1. Crackles, 2. Rhonchi, 3. Wheeze, 4. Pleural friction rub.
- Determine if each sound is classified as normal or adventitious. All four are classic examples of adventitious sounds.
- Since all four items are correct, look for the option that includes all numbers: 1, 2, 3, and 4.
- Select the option that correctly groups all the identified adventitious sounds.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Identification of Adventitious Breath Sounds
- Stem keywords: adventitious breath sounds, auscultation, crackles, rhonchi, wheeze, pleural friction rub
- Lead-in keywords: Which of the following
- Negative lead-in flag: false
Question ID
QAaayIetpCD_gmLWO4RPiW
Reference Book
E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 3 p. 95-97
E6 Medicine Macleod Clinical Examination 15e p. 105-107
E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 2 p. 104-106
Practise the full PGIMER Chandigarh NO - 2015
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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