What is the name of the jelly-like substance that is inside the cell?

Appeared in: DHS Staff Nurse - 2018 (Shift-2nd)

Explanation

The cytoplasm is the jelly-like material that fills the interior of a cell, enclosed by the cell membrane and surrounding the nucleus.
It is composed of about 80% water and contains a clear liquid part called cytosol, along with various particles and organelles.
The cytoplasm is the medium where many metabolic reactions, such as glycolysis, and processes like protein synthesis occur.

Option B: Ectoplasm refers only to the peripheral or outer part of the cytoplasm, which is typically more viscous and gel-like. It is not the entire substance filling the cell.
Option C: Cytokinesis is a process, not a substance. It is the final stage of cell division where the cytoplasm divides to form two distinct daughter cells.
Option D: This option is incorrect because a correct term, Cytoplasm, is provided in the options.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Components of a biological cell as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
The cytoplasm is the site for many vital cellular activities, including glycolysis (the initial breakdown of glucose) and protein synthesis. Its health is crucial for cell function.
Many drugs and toxins exert their effects by interfering with metabolic pathways or structures within the cytoplasm.
Changes in the composition of the cytoplasm, such as shifts in pH or electrolyte balance, can severely impair cellular function and are indicative of various disease states.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core of the question, which is asking for the name of the 'jelly-like substance' inside a cell.
Recall the basic components of a biological cell from your foundational knowledge of anatomy and physiology.
Evaluate each option. 'Cytoplasm' is the general term for the cell's internal contents.
Consider 'Ectoplasm'. Recognize this is a more specific term for a part of the cytoplasm, not the whole substance.
Analyze 'Cytokinesis'. Identify this as a process (cell division) rather than a substance.
Conclude that 'Cytoplasm' is the most accurate and general term for the jelly-like substance filling the cell.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Physiology Essentials Sembulingam 10e Part 1 p. 28-30

Practise the full DHS Staff Nurse - 2018 (Shift-2nd)

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.