The number of daughters a new born girl will bear during her life time assuming fixed age specific fertility and mortality rate, refers to which one of the following?

1. A

   Gross Reproduction Rate

2. B

   Net Reproduction Rate

3. C

   Total Fertility Rate

4. D

   General Fertility Rate

Appeared in: Maharashtra CHO - 2020

Explanation

• The Net Reproduction Rate (NRR) is defined as the average number of daughters that a newborn girl is expected to bear during her lifetime.
• This calculation is based on the assumption that she will be subject to the current age-specific fertility rates.
• Crucially, NRR also accounts for current age-specific mortality rates, meaning it considers the probability that the girl will survive through her childbearing years.
• The question's inclusion of both 'fertility' and 'mortality rate' makes NRR the only correct option.

Why Other Options Were Wrong

• Option A: Gross Reproduction Rate (GRR) measures the number of daughters a woman would have if she survived her entire reproductive lifespan. It does not account for mortality.
• Option C: Total Fertility Rate (TFR) measures the total number of children (both male and female) a woman is expected to have, not specifically daughters.
• Option D: General Fertility Rate (GFR) is a measure of the number of live births per 1,000 women of reproductive age in a single year. It does not track a cohort over a lifetime.

Related Visual

Clinical Relevance

• Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Measures of Fertility and Population Growth as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
• Understanding these demographic rates is crucial in community health nursing for assessing population trends and planning for future healthcare needs, such as maternal and child health services.
• NRR provides a more realistic picture of long-term population growth than GRR because it factors in mortality, which is a significant variable in many communities.
• What if? If a community implements a successful program that drastically reduces female infant and child mortality, the Net Reproduction Rate (NRR) would increase and move closer to the Gross Reproduction Rate (GRR), even if fertility rates remain unchanged.

How to Approach the Question

• First, analyze the question stem to identify all the conditions given. Note the key phrases: 'number of daughters', 'life time', 'fertility rate', and 'mortality rate'.
• Evaluate each option based on these keywords.
• The keyword 'daughters' helps differentiate from Total Fertility Rate (TFR), which includes all children.
• The keyword 'life time' suggests a cohort measure, which helps differentiate from period measures like General Fertility Rate (GFR).
• The final and most crucial keyword is 'mortality rate'. This is the key differentiator between Gross Reproduction Rate (GRR) and Net Reproduction Rate (NRR).
• Since the question explicitly includes mortality, select the option that incorporates it, which is the Net Reproduction Rate.

Concept Tested & Keywords

• Concept Tested: Measures of Fertility and Population Growth
• Stem keywords: number of daughters, new born girl, life time, fertility rate, mortality rate
• Lead-in keywords: refers to which one of the following

Question ID

QaUN_ImdM8I7vOFO4dk7JM

Copy ID

Reference Book

E6 NursingResearch Sukhpal Kaur p. 521-523

E6 NursingResearch Suresh Sharma 5e Part 2 p. 194-196