The Health Promotion Model (HPM) was mainly proposed by:

Appeared in: BTSC Staff Nurse 30July-2025

Explanation

The Health Promotion Model (HPM) was developed by Nola J. Pender.
This model focuses on helping individuals achieve a higher level of well-being and self-actualization, rather than just avoiding illness.
It examines individual characteristics, experiences, and beliefs to understand what motivates a person to engage in health-promoting behaviors.
The HPM is widely used in nursing to guide health education and promotion activities for individuals, families, and communities.

Option B: James Prochaska is a prominent psychologist, not primarily a nursing theorist, known for a different model.
Option C: The name 'Petritcia' does not correspond to any known or established nursing theorist or model.
Option D: Hildegard Peplau is a major figure in nursing theory, but her work focuses on a different aspect of nursing.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Nursing Theories and Models as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Nurses use the Health Promotion Model to assess a patient's readiness and motivation for health changes, allowing for tailored interventions.
It provides a framework for patient education, helping nurses empower patients to take an active role in their own health through lifestyle modifications, screenings, and self-care.
This model is fundamental in community health nursing for designing programs that address the specific needs and characteristics of a population to improve overall health outcomes.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the key term in the question: 'Health Promotion Model (HPM)'.
This is a factual recall question that requires knowledge of major nursing theories and their proponents.
Access your memory or knowledge base to link the HPM to its specific theorist.
Evaluate each option: Pender is correctly associated with the HPM.
Eliminate the distractors by recalling their contributions: Prochaska (Stages of Change), Peplau (Interpersonal Relations), and recognizing 'Petritcia' as an unfamiliar name in this context.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 1 p. 91-93

E6 NursingResearch Polit 11e Part 1 p. 132-134

Practise the full BTSC Staff Nurse 30July-2025

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.