The following are common disaccharides, EXCEPT:

Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2022

Explanation

Glucose is a monosaccharide, which is the simplest form of carbohydrate, consisting of a single sugar unit.
The question asks for the exception in a list of disaccharides, and Glucose is the only monosaccharide among the options.
Monosaccharides like glucose are the basic building blocks for larger carbohydrates and are directly absorbed into the bloodstream.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Classification of carbohydrates: Monosaccharides vs. Disaccharides as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding the difference between monosaccharides and disaccharides is crucial in managing diabetes. Blood glucose levels refer to the monosaccharide glucose, which is directly absorbed. Disaccharides must be broken down first, which affects blood sugar response time.
Lactose intolerance is a common clinical condition caused by a deficiency in the lactase enzyme, which is needed to break down the disaccharide lactose into glucose and galactose for absorption. This leads to gastrointestinal symptoms.
What if the question asked for a polysaccharide? Then correct answers would include starch, glycogen, or cellulose, which are complex carbohydrates made of many monosaccharide units.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the keyword 'EXCEPT'. This indicates you are looking for the option that does not fit the category mentioned in the stem.
The category is 'common disaccharides'. This means three of the options will be disaccharides, and one will not be.
Recall the basic classification of carbohydrates: monosaccharides (simple sugars), disaccharides (two simple sugars), and polysaccharides (many simple sugars).
Evaluate each option: Maltose, Sucrose, and Lactose are classic examples of disaccharides.
Recognize that Glucose is the most fundamental simple sugar, a monosaccharide, and the building block for the other disaccharides listed.
Conclude that Glucose is the exception and therefore the correct answer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Classification of carbohydrates: Monosaccharides vs. Disaccharides
Stem keywords: disaccharides, common
Lead-in keywords: EXCEPT
Negative lead-in flag: The question uses negative framing ('EXCEPT'), asking to identify the option that does not belong to the group of common disaccharides.

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E6 textbook of Applied Biochemistry and Nutrition & DieteticsHarbans Lal (pp 26-464 of 479) pp. 16-18, 15-17

E6 Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry2023 (pp 26-793 of 813) p. 136-138

Practise the full RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2022

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.