In which disease, the symptom in children is described as, "driven by motor"?

ESIC Nursing Officer 2016 (shift-1)

Child Health Nursing (Pediatrics)

Easy

Appeared in: ESIC Nursing Officer 2016 (shift-1)

Explanation

The phrase "driven by a motor" is a classic clinical description for the hyperactivity component of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
This symptom reflects a persistent pattern of excessive motor activity, where the child is constantly restless and 'on the go'.
Key manifestations include an inability to remain seated when expected, running or climbing in inappropriate situations, excessive talking, and constant fidgeting.
This level of activity is inconsistent with the child's developmental level and causes significant impairment in social and academic functioning.

Option A: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is primarily characterized by a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, and vindictiveness toward authority figures.
Option B: Conduct Disorder (CD) involves a more severe and persistent pattern of behavior that violates the basic rights of others or major societal norms, such as aggression, theft, or destruction of property.
Option C: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by obsessions (unwanted, intrusive thoughts) and compulsions (repetitive, ritualistic behaviors) performed to relieve anxiety.

Visual 1: Comparison Table - A table differentiating the core symptoms, typical age of onset, and primary impact of ADHD, ODD, Conduct Disorder, and OCD.
Visual 2: Infographic - A visual showing the three core symptom clusters of ADHD (Inattention, Hyperactivity, Impulsivity) with 'driven by a motor' highlighted under the Hyperactivity cluster.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing Differentiating features of childhood behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorders helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Accurate diagnosis is crucial as treatment approaches differ significantly. ADHD is managed with stimulants and behavioral therapy, while ODD and CD often require parent management training and family therapy.
Nurses play a key role in educating parents and teachers about creating structured environments, providing positive reinforcement, and monitoring for medication side effects.
It is common for these disorders to co-occur (comorbidity). For example, about 50% of children with ADHD also meet the criteria for ODD.

How to Approach the Question

Identify the key descriptive phrase in the question stem: 'driven by a motor'.
Recognize this as a classic clinical metaphor for a specific symptom.
Link this metaphor to the concept of severe, persistent hyperactivity and restlessness.
Systematically evaluate the options provided: ODD (defiance), Conduct Disorder (rule violation), OCD (rituals), and ADHD (hyperactivity/inattention).
Conclude that the description 'driven by a motor' directly corresponds to the hyperactivity component of ADHD, making it the correct answer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Differentiating features of childhood behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Stem keywords: children, symptom, driven by motor
Lead-in keywords: In which disease
Negative lead-in flag: false

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