In following which is not a function of the insulin? & x20; - RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2019

RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2019

Biochemistry & Nutrition

Medium

Appeared in: RUHS, Jaipur, M.Sc Nursing Entrance Exam-2019

Explanation

Gluconeogenesis is the metabolic pathway that generates new glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids and glycerol.
The primary role of insulin is to lower blood glucose levels after a meal.
To achieve this, insulin actively inhibits or suppresses the process of gluconeogenesis in the liver.
Therefore, performing or promoting gluconeogenesis is contrary to insulin's purpose and is not one of its functions.

Option A: This is incorrect because inhibiting the breakdown of stored glycogen (glycogenolysis) is a key function of insulin. By decreasing glycogenolysis, insulin prevents the liver from releasing glucose into the bloodstream, which helps lower overall blood glucose levels.
Option C: This is incorrect because insulin is a major promoter of lipogenesis. It facilitates the conversion of excess glucose that cannot be stored as glycogen into fatty acids and triglycerides for long-term storage in adipose tissue.
Option D: This is incorrect because promoting glycogenesis (the formation of glycogen from glucose) is a primary function of insulin. It stimulates the liver and muscle cells to take up glucose and store it as glycogen.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain The metabolic functions of the hormone insulin, specifically its role in regulating blood glucose as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding insulin's functions is fundamental for managing diabetes mellitus. In Type 1 diabetes, the absence of insulin leads to unchecked gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, causing severe hyperglycemia.
Administering insulin to a diabetic patient mimics these natural functions: it helps cells take up glucose, promotes storage, and stops the liver from releasing excess glucose.
A common and serious side effect of insulin therapy is hypoglycemia, which occurs if the dose is too high or food intake is insufficient, as insulin's powerful glucose-lowering effects become unopposed.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core subject of the question: the functions of the hormone insulin.
Note the negative keyword 'NOT'. This signals that you must find the option that is inconsistent with insulin's known actions.
Recall the primary goal of insulin: to lower blood glucose.
Evaluate each option based on this goal: Does the process lower blood glucose, or does it raise it?
Processes that store glucose or prevent its release (Glycogenesis, Lipogenesis, Decreasing glycogenolysis) are functions of insulin.
Processes that create new glucose (Gluconeogenesis) are opposed by insulin. Therefore, gluconeogenesis itself is not a function of insulin; inhibiting it is.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: The metabolic functions of the hormone insulin, specifically its role in regulating blood glucose.
Stem keywords: insulin, function
Lead-in keywords: NOT
Negative lead-in flag: The question asks to identify the process that is NOT a function of insulin.

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