AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018
Child Health Nursing (Pediatrics)
Medium
Identify the image below, which is used in the NICU during phototherapy?
Appeared in: AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018
Explanation
- The image shows neonatal phototherapy units, which are used to treat jaundice in newborns.
- A Phototherapy Radian Meter is a handheld device used to measure the light intensity (irradiance) from these units.
- Measuring irradiance is essential to ensure the infant receives a therapeutic dose of light, making the treatment both effective and safe.
- The standard therapeutic range for intensive phototherapy is typically 30 µW/cm²/nm or higher in the 460-490 nm blue-light spectrum.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: A dosimeter measures exposure to ionizing radiation (e.g., X-rays, gamma rays), which is fundamentally different from the visible light used in phototherapy.
- Option C: A hand-held manometer measures gas or fluid pressure. It has no application in measuring light intensity.
- Option D: A glucometer is used to measure blood glucose levels. While essential for neonatal care, it is not related to the administration or monitoring of phototherapy.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Equipment used for neonatal phototherapy as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
- Nurses are responsible for ensuring phototherapy equipment is functioning correctly. This includes regularly measuring the irradiance with a radian meter as per hospital protocol, as bulb intensity degrades over time.
- Accurate light dosage is critical for patient safety. Too little light (sub-therapeutic irradiance) leads to ineffective treatment and prolonged jaundice, increasing the risk of kernicterus. Too much intensity or heat can cause dehydration, temperature instability, or skin burns.
- What if? If the radian meter shows a reading below the therapeutic threshold (e.g., less than 30 µW/cm²/nm), the nurse's first action should be to check the distance between the light and the infant, and if that is correct, report the finding for equipment maintenance or replacement. The infant may need to be moved to a different, functional unit.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the main equipment shown in the image. You can see two complete phototherapy units, used for treating neonatal jaundice.
- Next, analyze the question. It asks you to identify a device used during phototherapy, not necessarily the large unit itself. The options provided are all smaller, handheld devices.
- Evaluate each option's function in the context of phototherapy. Think about what needs to be measured or monitored when delivering light therapy to a newborn.
- Consider Option A (Dosimeter): This measures radiation, not light. Incorrect.
- Consider Option B (Phototherapy Radian meter): This measures light intensity or 'radiance'. This is directly relevant to ensuring the phototherapy is effective. This is a strong candidate.
- Consider Option C (Hand held manometer): This measures pressure. Unrelated to light therapy. Incorrect.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Equipment used for neonatal phototherapy
- Stem keywords: Identify the image, NICU, phototherapy
- Lead-in keywords: Identify
- Clinical cues: The image shows phototherapy units, which provides the context for the question.
Question ID
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Reference Book
E6 Ghai Essential Pediatrics(pp 26-904 of 913) p. 172-174
E6 Text Book Of Pediatric Nursing 3rd Panchali Pal — Part 1 (pp 36-238 of 713) p. 193-195
E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 1 p. 1123-1125
Practise the full AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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