SGPGI Nursing Officer-2023
Applied Physiology
Medium
Function of gastric juice, Except?
Appeared in: SGPGI Nursing Officer-2023
Explanation
- The activation of salivary glands is not a function of gastric juice.
- Salivary secretion is a reflex action controlled by the autonomic nervous system, primarily initiated by the sight, smell, or taste of food (cephalic phase).
- The flow of digestive stimulation is generally downwards (from the brain/mouth to the stomach), not upwards from the stomach to the salivary glands.
- Furthermore, the highly acidic environment of the stomach (due to HCl in gastric juice) inactivates salivary amylase, the digestive enzyme found in saliva.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option A: This is a primary function of gastric juice. It contains enzymes like pepsin and hydrochloric acid that are essential for the initial digestion of proteins.
- Option B: While gastric juice itself is a fluid, it contains mucus produced by the gastric glands. This mucus has a vital protective function, so its production is integral to overall gastric function.
- Option C: This is a minor but true function of the stomach. Although most water absorption occurs in the intestines, the stomach is capable of absorbing small amounts of water, alcohol, and certain drugs.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Knowing Functions of Gastric Juice helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
- The protective mucus barrier in the stomach is clinically significant. When this barrier is compromised (e.g., by H. pylori infection or NSAID use), it can lead to gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.
- The acidic nature of gastric juice is a crucial non-specific defense mechanism, killing many pathogens ingested with food and water, thereby preventing gastrointestinal infections.
- What if? If a patient undergoes a gastrectomy or has autoimmune gastritis that destroys parietal cells, they will lack intrinsic factor. This prevents vitamin B12 absorption, leading to pernicious anemia, which requires lifelong B12 injections.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the keyword "Except" in the question. This indicates you must find the option that is NOT a function of gastric juice.
- Evaluate each option based on your knowledge of the digestive system.
- Recall that gastric juice is in the stomach and its main roles are digestion (protein breakdown) and protection (killing microbes, mucus barrier).
- Consider the location of the salivary glands (in the head) versus the stomach (in the abdomen). Think about the physiological signaling between them.
- Salivation is a reflex triggered by sensory input (smell, taste). Gastric juice is produced later in the process. There is no known pathway for gastric juice to signal back to the salivary glands.
- Eliminate the options that are known functions: digestion, mucus protection, and minor water absorption. The remaining option, which is physiologically incorrect, is the answer.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Functions of Gastric Juice
- Stem keywords: Function, gastric juice
- Lead-in keywords: Except
- Negative lead-in flag: The question asks for the exception among the given options.
Question ID
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Reference Book
E6 Nursing Brunner Adult Health 3SA Vol 1 Part 2 p. 71-73
E6 Physiology Review Sembulingam 5e p. 51-53
E6 Nursing Fundamentals Potter Perry 12e Part 5 p. 181-183
Practise the full SGPGI Nursing Officer-2023
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
More Digestive system Questions
- Intrinsic factor of castle is secreted by:
- Which function of the pancreas increases the release of bile from the gallbladder into the intestine?
- Which of the following digestive enzymes present in gastric juice is primarily responsible for breaking down proteins?
- In which organ does the absorption of iron takes place?
- Secretion of bile into duodenum is stimulated by?
- Pepsinogen enzyme is secreted by?
- A prudent nurse knows that most nutrients are absorbed in?
- Which one of the following is a function of the liver?
- Bile salts are important for digestion of?
- Which of the following cells secretes the watery fluid of intestinal juice?
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