All of the following viruses are transmitted by respiratory route, except?

Appeared in: JODHPUR AIIMS SNO-2018

Explanation

Rotavirus is the correct answer as it is transmitted primarily through the fecal-oral route.
This mode of transmission involves ingesting the virus from contaminated hands, surfaces, food, or water.
It is a leading cause of severe diarrhea and vomiting (gastroenteritis), particularly in infants and young children, not a primary respiratory illness.

Option A: This is incorrect because Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory illness, especially in young children, and is spread through respiratory droplets.
Option C: This is incorrect because the Influenza virus is the classic cause of the flu and is transmitted via respiratory droplets and aerosols.
Option D: This is incorrect because Rhinovirus is the most frequent cause of the common cold and spreads through respiratory droplets and direct contact with contaminated surfaces.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Viral Transmission Routes as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding transmission routes is fundamental for implementing correct infection control precautions. For Rotavirus (fecal-oral), Contact Precautions and rigorous handwashing with soap and water are critical.
For respiratory viruses like RSV, Influenza, and Rhinovirus, Droplet Precautions (e.g., wearing a surgical mask) and hand hygiene are necessary to prevent spread.
Patient education is a key nursing role. Teaching families about proper hand hygiene is the single most effective way to prevent the spread of Rotavirus.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the keyword 'except'. This signals that you must find the option that does not fit the condition stated in the stem.
The condition is 'viruses transmitted by respiratory route'.
Systematically evaluate each option against this condition.
Ask yourself: 'Is RSV transmitted by the respiratory route?' Yes. 'Is Influenza virus transmitted by the respiratory route?' Yes. 'Is Rhinovirus transmitted by the respiratory route?' Yes.
Finally, ask: 'Is Rota virus transmitted by the respiratory route?' No, it is known for causing severe diarrhea, which points to a fecal-oral route.
Since Rotavirus is the only option not transmitted by the respiratory route, it is the correct answer.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Viral Transmission Routes
Stem keywords: viruses, transmitted, respiratory route
Lead-in keywords: except
Negative lead-in flag: The question asks for the exception among the given options.

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E6 Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics(2024) — Volume 2 p. 336-338

E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 1 p. 1579-1581

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