A vaccine contraindicated in a child with history of seizure is:

IGNOU PB Bsc Nsg.Entrance-2026

Child Health Nursing (Pediatrics)

Easy

Appeared in: IGNOU PB Bsc Nsg.Entrance-2026

Explanation

The DPT vaccine contains the whole-cell pertussis (wP) component, which protects against whooping cough.
This pertussis component is known to be associated with rare but severe neurological adverse effects, including prolonged convulsions and encephalopathy.
Due to this risk, a personal history of seizures or other progressive neurological disorders is a contraindication for the pertussis component of the vaccine.
For these children, the recommended alternative is the DT vaccine (Diphtheria and Tetanus), which omits the pertussis component.

Option B: BCG is a live attenuated vaccine for tuberculosis. Its primary contraindications are related to immunodeficiency, not a history of seizures.
Option C: OPV is a live attenuated vaccine for polio. Its main contraindication is an immunocompromised state in the child or a household contact, not a history of seizures.
Option D: The Hib vaccine is an inactivated conjugate vaccine that protects against Haemophilus influenzae type b. It is considered very safe and is not contraindicated in children with a history of seizures.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Contraindications for childhood immunizations, specifically the DPT vaccine as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
A nurse's primary role in immunization is ensuring patient safety, which begins with a thorough pre-vaccination screening for contraindications and precautions.
Failure to identify a contraindication, such as a history of seizures for the DPT vaccine, can lead to preventable, severe adverse events and harm to the child.
Accurate documentation and reporting of any adverse events following immunization (AEFI) are critical for patient follow-up and for national vaccine safety surveillance programs.

How to Approach the Question

This is a factual recall question that tests your knowledge of vaccine contraindications.
First, identify the key elements in the question: 'vaccine', 'contraindicated', and 'history of seizure'.
Systematically review the options provided: DPT, BCG, OPV, and Hib.
Recall the specific properties and major contraindications for each vaccine.
Focus on the DPT vaccine. Remember that the 'P' (pertussis) component, especially the whole-cell version, is uniquely associated with neurological side effects among the choices.
Confirm that the contraindications for BCG (immunodeficiency), OPV (immunodeficiency), and Hib (severe allergy) do not relate to seizures.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: Contraindications for childhood immunizations, specifically the DPT vaccine.
Stem keywords: vaccine, contraindicated, child, history of seizure
Lead-in keywords: is
Clinical cues: Age/sex group narrows the expected diagnosis, intervention, or normal reference range.
Negative lead-in flag: false

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E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart A (pp 26-201 of 604) p. 166-168

E6 Parks TextBook of Preventive & Social Medicine part 1 — Subpart C (pp 404-604 of 604) p. 126-128