A study that is an in-depth survey utilizing one subject is known as:

IGNOU PB Bsc Nsg.Entrance-2026

Nursing Research & Statistics

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Appeared in: IGNOU PB Bsc Nsg.Entrance-2026

Explanation

A case study is a qualitative research approach characterized by an intensive, in-depth investigation of a single individual, family, community, or institution.
The defining feature is its focus on a single unit of analysis (n=1) to explore complex issues in their real-world setting.
This method allows researchers to gather rich, detailed information that may not be obtainable through other research designs that use large samples.

Option A: A longitudinal study involves collecting data from the same group of subjects repeatedly over a period of time, not just one subject.
Option C: A cross-sectional study collects data from a population or a sample at a single point in time. It provides a 'snapshot' of a population and involves many subjects, not an in-depth look at one.
Option D: A correlational study aims to determine the relationship or association between two or more variables. It requires data from multiple subjects to establish a statistical relationship.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Types of Research Designs in Nursing as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
Understanding different research designs is crucial for nurses to critically appraise evidence-based practice literature and determine the validity and applicability of research findings to their clinical practice.
Case studies in nursing are valuable for exploring rare diseases, unusual patient responses to treatment, or complex patient care situations, providing insights that can lead to new hypotheses for larger studies.
What if the question described a study following a group of premature infants from birth to age 5 to assess developmental milestones? The correct answer would then be a longitudinal study, as it involves tracking the same cohort over an extended period.

How to Approach the Question

First, analyze the question stem and identify the key defining phrases: 'in-depth survey' and 'one subject'.
The phrase 'one subject' is the most critical clue, as it significantly narrows down the possibilities.
The term 'in-depth' suggests a qualitative, detailed investigation rather than a quantitative measurement across a large group.
Evaluate each option against these two criteria.
A 'Longitudinal' study follows subjects over time. A 'Cross-sectional' study looks at a population at one time. A 'Correlational' study looks for relationships between variables in a sample. None of these are defined by focusing on a single subject.
A 'Case study' is specifically defined as an intensive analysis of a single case or subject. This directly matches the question's description.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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