A's income is 25% more than B's income. By what percentage is B's income less than A's income?

Appeared in: UP NHM CHO 7 Sept 2022(shift-1st)

Explanation

The core task is to calculate the percentage decrease of B's income relative to A's income.
Assuming B's income is 100, A's income becomes 125 (100 + 25% of 100).
The difference in income is 25.
The question asks for the percentage by which B's income is 'less than A's income', so A's income (125) must be the denominator.
The calculation is (Difference / A's Income) * 100, which is (25 / 125) * 100 = 20%.
In decimal form, 20% is 0.2.

Option A: This is an incorrect calculation. It does not represent the relationship (25/125).
Option B: This is an incorrect calculation. It does not represent the relationship (25/125).
Option D: This is an incorrect calculation. It does not represent the relationship (25/125).

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: This is primarily an exam-oriented knowledge point with limited direct bedside application, so retain Percentage change and comparison as background academic context rather than a clinical decision trigger.
While this is a mathematics question, proficiency in percentage calculations is crucial for nurses.
Nurses use percentages daily for tasks like calculating drug dosages, determining percentage weight loss in neonates, assessing the Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) of burns, and interpreting lab value changes.
Accurate calculation is vital for patient safety and effective treatment.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the two values being compared (A's income and B's income).
Recognize that the question asks for the percentage relative to A's income ('less than A's income'), making A's income the base (denominator) of the calculation.
To simplify, assume a starting value for B's income, such as 100.
Calculate A's income based on the given percentage increase (100 + 25% of 100 = 125).
Find the absolute difference between the two incomes (125 - 100 = 25).
Divide the difference by the base value (A's income): 25 / 125 = 0.2.

Concept Tested & Keywords

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Practise the full UP NHM CHO 7 Sept 2022(shift-1st)

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.