PGIMER Chandigarh NO - 2015
Applied Physiology
Easy
A nurse would assess that a client is experiencing Cheyne-Stokes respiration, when he has?
Appeared in: PGIMER Chandigarh NO - 2015
Explanation
- Cheyne-Stokes respiration is defined by a cyclical pattern of breathing.
- This cycle involves a period of hyperpnea, where breathing becomes progressively deeper and often faster.
- The hyperpneic phase is followed by a gradual decrease in breathing effort, culminating in a distinct period of apnea (cessation of breathing).
- This pattern of hyperpnea alternating with apnea is the hallmark of Cheyne-Stokes respiration.
Why Other Options Were Wrong
- Option B: This describes Kussmaul's respiration, which is characterized by sustained deep (hyper-) and rapid (-pnea) breathing.
- Option C: This description is more aligned with Biot's (ataxic) respiration, which involves irregular periods of breathing or gasping alternating with apnea. Cheyne-Stokes has a regular, cyclical crescendo-decrescendo pattern, not just tachypnea.
- Option D: This describes simple tachypnea, which is an increased respiratory rate. It lacks the specific cyclical pattern of changing depth and apnea seen in Cheyne-Stokes respiration.
Related Visual
Clinical Relevance
- Nursing practice connection: Use the key finding related to Assessment of abnormal respiratory patterns, specifically Cheyne-Stokes respiration to guide bedside assessment, documentation, and the next nursing action.
- The appearance of Cheyne-Stokes respiration is a significant clinical finding that often indicates severe underlying disease, such as decompensated heart failure or neurological damage.
- As a nurse, recognizing this pattern should prompt an immediate and thorough assessment of the patient's neurological and cardiovascular status, including vital signs, oxygen saturation, and level of consciousness.
- This finding must be documented accurately and reported to the healthcare provider, as it can be a sign of deteriorating patient condition, especially in the context of end-of-life care.
How to Approach the Question
- First, identify the key term in the question, which is 'Cheyne-Stokes respiration'.
- Recall the specific definition and characteristics of this breathing pattern from your knowledge of respiratory assessments.
- The defining feature of Cheyne-Stokes is its cyclical nature: a gradual increase in breath depth and rate (crescendo), followed by a gradual decrease (decrescendo), ending in a period of apnea.
- Evaluate each option to see which one best matches this definition.
- Option A directly states 'periods of hyperpnoea alternating with period of apnea,' which accurately summarizes the cycle.
- Rule out the other options by identifying the different respiratory patterns they describe: Option B is Kussmaul's, Option C is closer to Biot's, and Option D is simple tachypnea.
Concept Tested & Keywords
- Concept Tested: Assessment of abnormal respiratory patterns, specifically Cheyne-Stokes respiration.
- Stem keywords: Cheyne-Stokes respiration, assess, client
- Lead-in keywords: when he has
Question ID
QIqN5KSC9vXF7Mms4USBgy
Reference Book
E6 Physiology Guyton 4SAE Part 2A p. 114-116
E6 Physiology Essentials Sembulingam 10e Part 3 p. 7-9
E6 Robert Boland, Marcia L. Verduin - Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Text of Psychiatry-Wolters Kluwer Health (2024) (pp 1-16525 of 16525) p. 6999-7001
Practise the full PGIMER Chandigarh NO - 2015
Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.
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