A 16-year-old unmarried girl came to the hospital for vaccination of cervical cancer, which vaccine also given that time?

Appeared in: AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018

Explanation

Gardasil is a brand name for the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, which is specifically indicated for the prevention of cervical cancer.
HPV types 16 and 18, which are targeted by Gardasil, are responsible for the vast majority of cervical cancer cases.
The question describes a patient presenting for cervical cancer vaccination, and Gardasil is the only option that serves this purpose.
For a 16-year-old initiating the vaccine series, the standard recommendation is a 3-dose schedule to ensure long-term immunity.

Option A: Tdap is a vaccine against Tetanus, Diphtheria, and acellular Pertussis. It has no efficacy against HPV or cervical cancer.
Option B: Biovac is a trade name used for various vaccines, such as Hepatitis B, but it is not the standard vaccine for HPV.
Option C: Rubivac is a brand name for the Rubella vaccine. Rubella is a viral illness (German measles) unrelated to HPV or cervical cancer.

Clinical Relevance

Nursing practice connection: Knowing HPV Vaccination for Cervical Cancer Prevention helps nurses interpret findings accurately and avoid errors in routine assessment, medication administration, and patient teaching.
Nurses play a crucial role in educating patients and parents about the HPV vaccine's safety and its effectiveness in preventing cancer.
It is critical to emphasize that the HPV vaccine does not replace the need for routine cervical cancer screening (e.g., Pap tests) later in life.
Adolescents are prone to vasovagal syncope (fainting) after injections. The nurse should have the patient sit or lie down for 15 minutes post-vaccination to prevent injury.

How to Approach the Question

First, identify the core reason for the patient's visit from the question stem: 'vaccination of cervical cancer'.
Next, analyze the options provided. Your goal is to find the vaccine specifically designed for cervical cancer prevention.
Recall or look up the indications for each vaccine option.
Eliminate options that are for different diseases. Tdap is for tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis, and Rubivac is for rubella.
Identify Gardasil as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, which is the correct choice for preventing cervical cancer.
Consider the patient's age (16) to confirm the appropriate dosing schedule (3 doses for those 15 and older), which reinforces the clinical context.

Concept Tested & Keywords

Concept Tested: HPV Vaccination for Cervical Cancer Prevention
Stem keywords: 16-year-old, unmarried girl, vaccination, cervical cancer
Lead-in keywords: which vaccine
Clinical cues: Patient age (16 years) is a key factor in determining the vaccine schedule.

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E6 Ghai Essential Pediatrics(pp 26-904 of 913) p. 201-203

E6 Medicine Harrison 22e Part 1 p. 1569-1571

E6 Pharmacology Nursing Lilley 11e Part 3 p. 154-156

Practise the full AIIMS Delhi NO - 2018

Attempt every question from this paper in a timed mock, then review the full solution for each one.